huawei-cloud-sg-manage

Use when managing or diagnosing Huawei Cloud security groups (安全组) — VPC subnet-level firewalls. Covers listing/querying security groups and rules, port connectivity diagnosis (ingress/egress rule matching), rule conflict detection, over-exposure security audit (e.g. 0.0.0.0/0 world-open rules), and full CRUD (create/update/delete security groups and rules). Managed actions run with preview + explicit confirmation (R2/R1); query and diagnose actions are read-only and auto-execute (R3). Uses the local hcloud (KooCLI) VPC CLI with AK/SK environment variables or a local hcloud profile. Provides 11 huawei_* actions: huawei_list_security_groups, huawei_list_security_group_rules, huawei_get_security_group, huawei_diagnose_sg_port_connectivity, huawei_analyze_sg_rule_conflict, huawei_audit_sg_overexposed_rules, huawei_create_security_group, huawei_create_sg_rule, huawei_update_security_group, huawei_delete_security_group, huawei_delete_sg_rule. Triggers include: "安全组", "安全组规则", "防火墙规则", "端口连通性", "端口诊断", "规则冲突", "过度开放", "全开放", "0.0.0.0/0", "security group", "security group rule", "SG rule", "ingress", "egress", "inbound", "outbound", "port connectivity", "port diagnosis", "rule conflict", "over-exposed", "world-open", "VPC", "安全审计", "防火墙".

Huawei Cloud Security Group Management (安全组管理)

STOP - Do not answer from general knowledge. Follow the procedure below. Always run hcloud VPC <Operation> --help before constructing commands to discover exact parameter names and requirements.

Step 0: Install skill-quality-cli (idempotent, skip if already installed)

The CLI installs into ~/.local/bin/, which is not always in $PATH (bare skill-quality-cli can fail with exit 127). Export it first, then run the installer:

bash

export PATH="$HOME/.local/bin:$PATH"
bash scripts/ensure_cli.sh

The script detects whether skill-quality-cli is available; if not, it installs a pinned release (fixed version + SHA256 whitelist verification, see the script header) into ~/.local/bin/ (idempotent, silently skipped on failure — never blocks the business flow). Upgrade manually via skill-quality-cli upgrade.

Overview

This skill manages Huawei Cloud security groups (安全组) — the VPC subnet-level stateful firewall (security group is a VPC sub-resource). It provides 11 huawei_* actions:

#	Capability	Risk	Action
1	Query (read-only)	R3 — auto execute	huawei_list_security_groups
2	Query (read-only)	R3 — auto execute	huawei_list_security_group_rules
3	Query (read-only)	R3 — auto execute	huawei_get_security_group
4	Analyze (read-only)	R3 — auto execute	huawei_diagnose_sg_port_connectivity
5	Analyze (read-only)	R3 — auto execute	huawei_analyze_sg_rule_conflict
6	Analyze (read-only)	R3 — auto execute	huawei_audit_sg_overexposed_rules
7	Manage	R2 — preview + confirm	huawei_create_security_group
8	Manage	R2 — preview + confirm	huawei_create_sg_rule
9	Manage	R2 — preview + confirm	huawei_update_security_group
10	Manage	R1 — preview + confirm	huawei_delete_security_group
11	Manage	R1 — preview + confirm	huawei_delete_sg_rule

Architecture

text

User request → Action Router (scripts/huawei-cloud.py dispatcher)
  ├─ Query (R3)      → hcloud VPC ListSecurityGroups/ListSecurityGroupRules/ShowSecurityGroup
  ├─ Analyze (R3)    → hcloud VPC ListSecurityGroupRules + deterministic rule engine
  │                     (priority-ordered matching, CIDR/port/protocol semantics)
  └─ Manage (R2/R1)  → preview → hcloud VPC Create/Update/Delete (confirmed only after user approval)

All cloud operations execute through the local hcloud (KooCLI) CLI — no Python SDK, no raw HTTP API calls. The bundled dispatcher builds and runs the hcloud commands.

Dependency: Quality telemetry is collected automatically via skill-quality-cli (installed by scripts/ensure_cli.sh if absent).

Scope boundaries

• ✅ List/query security groups and their rules
• ✅ Port connectivity diagnosis (ingress/egress rule matching, priority-ordered)
• ✅ Rule conflict detection (duplicates, allow/deny contradictions, shadowed rules)
• ✅ Over-exposure audit (world-open 0.0.0.0/0 / ::/0, wide port ranges, ineffective denies)
• ✅ Create/update/delete security groups and rules (with preview + confirmation)
• ❌ Doesn't manage other VPC resources (VPCs, subnets, routers, firewalls, network queries) — those are out of scope for this skill
• ❌ Doesn't resolve remote-security-group / address-group member IPs (not exposed by the API)

Critical Warnings

Trap	Why
Deleting a security group is irreversible	Removes the SG and ALL its rules at once; instances/ports still associated lose connectivity
Deleting a rule changes live connectivity	VPC default is DENY for unmatched traffic — a rule deletion can expose or block traffic immediately
0.0.0.0/0 / ::/0 allow rules mean world-open	Any internet host can reach those ports; audit first, restrict to real CIDRs
Rule priority matters	Lower numerical priority wins; a broad allow with priority 1 makes every lower-priority deny ineffective
Never run a Manage action without preview	All R2/R1 actions must be previewed and explicitly confirmed by the user — see confirmation gates

Prerequisites

1. hcloud CLI (KooCLI 7.2.x or later) installed and authenticated.
   • Installation and configuration guide: see references/cli-installation-guide.md
   • Two supported authentication modes:
     • AK/SK credentials: environment variables HUAWEICLOUD_SDK_AK / HUAWEICLOUD_SDK_SK (or HUAWEI_ACCESS_KEY / HUAWEI_SECRET_KEY / HW_ACCESS_KEY / HW_SECRET_KEY)
     • Local hcloud profile: "hcloud configure list" must show a valid AKSK profile
   • Verify with "hcloud configure list"
2. Region: always pass --cli-region={region} (e.g. cn-north-4). --project_id is auto-filled from the authenticated profile when available; pass an explicit project_id= if the profile cannot resolve it.
3. IAM permissions: least-privilege policies in references/iam-policies.md (vpc:securityGroups:*, vpc:securityGroupRules:*).
4. skill-quality-cli — ensured by bash scripts/ensure_cli.sh (idempotent, skips if present)
   • Upgrade: run skill-quality-cli upgrade manually (no auto-upgrade)
   • Disable telemetry report: set SKILL_QUALITY_REPORT=0

Workflow

text

1. Identify target → region, security_group_id / security_group_rule_id, filters
2. Classify intent →
   - Query/Analyze (R3): list / get / diagnose / conflict / audit — execute automatically
   - Manage (R2/R1): create / update / delete — ALWAYS preview first, then ask for
     explicit user confirmation before confirmed execution
3. Execute → dispatcher or the wrapped hcloud commands below
4. Output → structured JSON + readable summary

Confirmation gates (MUST NOT be skipped):

• R2 actions (huawei_create_security_group, huawei_create_sg_rule, huawei_update_security_group): show the full command and the resource to be created/updated, then ask "confirm?" before running. Execution requires confirmed=true.
• R1 actions (huawei_delete_security_group, huawei_delete_sg_rule): show the full command and side effects, print the connectivity-impact warning, and require explicit confirmation. Execution requires confirmed=true.
• The dispatcher enforces this at the tool level: without confirmed=true it only previews (prints the exact command + impact, no API call).

Core Commands

All direct hcloud commands below are shown in dual form: the bare executable command and the identical command wrapped with skill-quality-cli run --skill-name huawei-cloud-sg-manage -- ... for quality reporting. The bundled dispatcher (python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py <action> key=value ...) is the recommended entry — it routes the 11 actions, builds the hcloud commands and prints JSON. No Python SDK package is needed for any business command.

⚠️ Mandatory: every hcloud command in this skill MUST be wrapped with skill-quality-cli run --skill-name huawei-cloud-sg-manage -- <command> — bare hcloud calls are strictly forbidden. (Once installed, quality reporting is automatic for the wrapped form; set SKILL_QUALITY_REPORT=0 to opt out without changing the command.)

1. Query (R3 — read-only, auto execute)

huawei_list_security_groups — list security groups:

bash

python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_list_security_groups region=cn-north-4
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_list_security_groups region=cn-north-4 name=my-sg
# Direct CLI (optional filters: --name.1=, --id.1=, --enterprise_project_id=, --limit=)
skill-quality-cli run --skill-name huawei-cloud-sg-manage -- hcloud VPC ListSecurityGroups/v3 --cli-region={region}

huawei_list_security_group_rules — list security group rules (optionally filtered by SG):

bash

python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_list_security_group_rules region=cn-north-4
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_list_security_group_rules region=cn-north-4 security_group_id={sg_id}
# Direct CLI (optional filters: --security_group_id.1=, --direction=, --protocol.=, --action=, --enabled=)
skill-quality-cli run --skill-name huawei-cloud-sg-manage -- hcloud VPC ListSecurityGroupRules/v3 --cli-region={region}

huawei_get_security_group — show a security group's detail:

bash

python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_get_security_group security_group_id={sg_id} region=cn-north-4
# Direct CLI:
skill-quality-cli run --skill-name huawei-cloud-sg-manage -- hcloud VPC ShowSecurityGroup/v3 --cli-region={region} --security_group_id={sg_id}

2. Analyze (R3 — read-only, auto execute)

huawei_diagnose_sg_port_connectivity — port connectivity diagnosis. Evaluates the ingress/egress rules of one security group in priority order against a (direction, protocol, port, remote) probe and reports the effective verdict (ALLOW / DENY / INDETERMINATE) with the deciding rule:

bash

# Is TCP/22 from 10.0.0.0/8 allowed inbound to this SG?
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_diagnose_sg_port_connectivity \
  security_group_id={sg_id} direction=ingress protocol=tcp port=22 remote=10.0.0.0/8 \
  region=cn-north-4
# Is outbound HTTPS allowed?
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_diagnose_sg_port_connectivity \
  security_group_id={sg_id} direction=egress protocol=tcp port=443 \
  region=cn-north-4

huawei_analyze_sg_rule_conflict — rule conflict detection (duplicates, allow/deny contradictions, shadowed rules). Runs against one SG, or all SGs when no SG is given:

bash

python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_analyze_sg_rule_conflict security_group_id={sg_id} region=cn-north-4
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_analyze_sg_rule_conflict region=cn-north-4

huawei_audit_sg_overexposed_rules — security audit identifying over-exposed rules (world-open 0.0.0.0/0 / ::/0 allows, wide port ranges, ineffective denies):

bash

python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_audit_sg_overexposed_rules security_group_id={sg_id} region=cn-north-4
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_audit_sg_overexposed_rules region=cn-north-4

3. Manage (R2 — preview + confirm)

huawei_create_security_group — create a security group:

bash

# [W] 写操作 (WRITE): creates a security group — R2: preview + explicit confirmation required
# Step 1 — preview (no resource is changed):
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_create_security_group name={name} description={desc} region=cn-north-4
# Step 2 — execute ONLY after user approval:
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_create_security_group name={name} description={desc} region=cn-north-4 confirmed=true
# Direct CLI equivalent:
skill-quality-cli run --skill-name huawei-cloud-sg-manage -- hcloud VPC CreateSecurityGroup/v3 --cli-region={region} --security_group.name={name} --security_group.description={desc}

huawei_create_sg_rule — add a security group rule (direction is required; protocol, ports, ethertype and one of remote_ip_prefix / remote_group_id / remote_address_group_id are the key selectors):

bash

# [W] 写操作 (WRITE): adds a security group rule — R2: preview + explicit confirmation required
# Step 1 — preview:
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_create_sg_rule \
  security_group_id={sg_id} direction=ingress protocol=tcp multiport=22 \
  ethertype=IPv4 remote_ip_prefix=10.0.0.0/8 action=allow priority=1 \
  region=cn-north-4
# Step 2 — execute ONLY after user approval:
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_create_sg_rule \
  security_group_id={sg_id} direction=ingress protocol=tcp multiport=22 \
  ethertype=IPv4 remote_ip_prefix=10.0.0.0/8 action=allow priority=1 \
  region=cn-north-4 confirmed=true
# Direct CLI equivalent:
skill-quality-cli run --skill-name huawei-cloud-sg-manage -- hcloud VPC CreateSecurityGroupRule/v3 --cli-region={region} --security_group_rule.security_group_id={sg_id} --security_group_rule.direction=ingress --security_group_rule.protocol=tcp --security_group_rule.multiport=22 --security_group_rule.remote_ip_prefix=10.0.0.0/8

huawei_update_security_group — update a security group's name/description:

bash

# [W] 写操作 (WRITE): updates a security group — R2: preview + explicit confirmation required
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_update_security_group \
  security_group_id={sg_id} name={new_name} description={new_desc} region=cn-north-4
# ... then re-run with confirmed=true after user approval:
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_update_security_group \
  security_group_id={sg_id} name={new_name} description={new_desc} region=cn-north-4 confirmed=true
# Direct CLI equivalent:
skill-quality-cli run --skill-name huawei-cloud-sg-manage -- hcloud VPC UpdateSecurityGroup --cli-region={region} --security_group_id={sg_id} --security_group.name={new_name}

4. Manage (R1 — preview + confirm)

huawei_delete_security_group — delete a security group. IRREVERSIBLE — it removes the SG and ALL of its rules; instances/ports still associated will lose connectivity:

bash

# [W] 写操作 (WRITE) — IRREVERSIBLE: deletes a security group and its rules — R1: explicit confirmation required
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_delete_security_group security_group_id={sg_id} region=cn-north-4
# ... then re-run with confirmed=true after user approval:
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_delete_security_group security_group_id={sg_id} region=cn-north-4 confirmed=true
# Direct CLI equivalent:
skill-quality-cli run --skill-name huawei-cloud-sg-manage -- hcloud VPC DeleteSecurityGroup/v3 --cli-region={region} --security_group_id={sg_id}

WARNING (must be shown before execution): the preview prints the SG name and how many rules will be deleted with it. Verify no running instance uses this SG (huawei_list_security_groups + port association check) before confirming.

huawei_delete_sg_rule — delete a security group rule. Changes live network connectivity — VPC default is DENY for unmatched traffic:

bash

# [W] 写操作 (WRITE): deletes a security group rule — R1: explicit confirmation required
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_delete_sg_rule security_group_rule_id={rule_id} region=cn-north-4
# ... then re-run with confirmed=true after user approval:
python3 scripts/huawei-cloud.py huawei_delete_sg_rule security_group_rule_id={rule_id} region=cn-north-4 confirmed=true
# Direct CLI equivalent:
skill-quality-cli run --skill-name huawei-cloud-sg-manage -- hcloud VPC DeleteSecurityGroupRule/v3 --cli-region={region} --security_group_rule_id={rule_id}

WARNING (must be shown before execution): traffic previously permitted/denied by this rule may be allowed or blocked immediately after deletion. Confirm the rule id, direction, ports and remote from the preview before proceeding.

KooCLI Command Format Standard

Feature	Description	Example
Service name	VPC (as shown by hcloud VPC --help)	hcloud VPC UpdateSecurityGroup --cli-region=cn-north-4
Operation name	PascalCase (KooCLI appends /v2 /v3 version suffixes to VPC ops)	ListSecurityGroups, ListSecurityGroupRules, ShowSecurityGroup, CreateSecurityGroupRule, UpdateSecurityGroup, DeleteSecurityGroup, DeleteSecurityGroupRule
Region parameter	--cli-region=<value>	--cli-region=cn-north-4
Simple parameter	--key=value	--security_group_id=abc123
Nested parameter	--parent.child=value	--security_group.name=my-sg, --security_group_rule.direction=ingress
Indexed array parameter	--key.N=value	--name.1=web, --id.1=abc
Output	--cli-output=json (default for the dispatcher)

Parameter Confirmation

All parameters below were verified against hcloud VPC <Operation> --help (KooCLI 7.2.12). Common to all commands: --cli-region (required), --project_id (required by API but auto-filled from the authenticated profile when omitted).

ListSecurityGroups/v3

Parameter	Type	Required	Example
--name.[N]	array<string>	No	--name.1=web-sg
--id.[N]	array<string>	No	--id.1=0e5f8f4a-...
--description.[N]	array<string>	No	--description.1=web
--enterprise_project_id	string	No	--enterprise_project_id=0
--limit	integer	No	--limit=100 (0-2000)
--marker	string	No	pagination marker

ListSecurityGroupRules/v3

Parameter	Type	Required	Example
--security_group_id.[N]	array<string>	No	--security_group_id.1={sg_id}
--direction	string	No	--direction=ingress
--protocol.[N]	array<string>	No	--protocol.1=tcp
--action	string	No	--action=allow
--enabled	boolean	No	--enabled=true
--remote_ip_prefix	string	No	--remote_ip_prefix=10.0.0.0/8
--limit	integer	No	--limit=100

ShowSecurityGroup/v3 / ShowSecurityGroupRule/v2

Operation	Parameter	Type	Required
ShowSecurityGroup/v3	--security_group_id	string	Yes
ShowSecurityGroupRule/v2	--security_group_rule_id	string	Yes

CreateSecurityGroup/v3

Parameter	Type	Required	Example
--security_group.name	string	Yes	--security_group.name=web-sg
--security_group.description	string	No	--security_group.description=web servers
--security_group.enterprise_project_id	string	No	--security_group.enterprise_project_id=0
--security_group.tags.[N].key / .value	string	No	--security_group.tags.1.key=env --security_group.tags.1.value=prod
--dry_run	boolean	No	validation call only

CreateSecurityGroupRule/v3

Parameter	Type	Required	Example
--security_group_rule.security_group_id	string	Yes	--security_group_rule.security_group_id={sg_id}
--security_group_rule.direction	string	Yes	--security_group_rule.direction=ingress (ingress|egress)
--security_group_rule.protocol	string	No	--security_group_rule.protocol=tcp (tcp|udp|icmp|icmpv6|any)
--security_group_rule.ethertype	string	No	--security_group_rule.ethertype=IPv4 (IPv4|IPv6)
--security_group_rule.multiport	string	No	--security_group_rule.multiport=22,80 or 22-25
--security_group_rule.remote_ip_prefix	string	No	--security_group_rule.remote_ip_prefix=10.0.0.0/8
--security_group_rule.remote_group_id	string	No	peer security group id (mutually exclusive with remote_ip_prefix)
--security_group_rule.remote_address_group_id	string	No	address group id (mutually exclusive with the two above)
--security_group_rule.action	string	No	--security_group_rule.action=allow (allow|deny)
--security_group_rule.priority	integer	No	--security_group_rule.priority=1 (1-65535, lower = higher priority)
--security_group_rule.enabled	boolean	No	--security_group_rule.enabled=true
--security_group_rule.description	string	No

UpdateSecurityGroup

Parameter	Type	Required	Example
--security_group_id	string	Yes	--security_group_id={sg_id}
--security_group.name	string	No	--security_group.name=new-name
--security_group.description	string	No	--security_group.description=new-desc

DeleteSecurityGroup/v3 / DeleteSecurityGroupRule/v3

Operation	Parameter	Type	Required
DeleteSecurityGroup/v3	--security_group_id	string	Yes
DeleteSecurityGroupRule/v3	--security_group_rule_id	string	Yes

Troubleshooting

Error	Root cause → Fix
获取项目ID失败 / APIGW.0301 Unauthorized	Invalid/expired AK/SK or profile → refresh credentials ("hcloud configure list" / re-configure)
缺少必填参数:project_id	Profile can't resolve project id → pass project_id= / --project_id={id} explicitly
hcloud not found	Install KooCLI (see references/cli-installation-guide.md)
Empty rule list but SG exists	Wrong region/project → check --cli-region, project_id
Diagnose returns INDETERMINATE	Probe matches a remote security group / address group rule — member IPs are not exposed by the API
DeleteSecurityGroup fails	SG still associated with instances/ports or has dependent resources → detach first

Security Considerations

• MUST preview every R2/R1 manage action and obtain explicit user confirmation (confirmed=true only after approval).
• MUST show the connectivity-impact warning before deleting rules or security groups.
• MUST treat 0.0.0.0/0 / ::/0 allow rules as high risk (huawei_audit_sg_overexposed_rules flags them; restrict to real CIDRs).
• MUST NOT echo AK/SK or any credential values in commands, outputs or reports.
• SHOULD run huawei_diagnose_sg_port_connectivity before changing rules that affect business traffic.
• SHOULD audit security groups periodically with huawei_audit_sg_overexposed_rules.

Reference Documents

• references/iam-policies.md — Least-privilege IAM policies (vpc:securityGroups:*, vpc:securityGroupRules:*)
• references/cli-installation-guide.md — hcloud CLI installation + AK/SK and profile authentication + skill-quality-cli
• references/sg-rule-reference.md — Security-group rule field semantics (direction/ethertype/protocol/ports/priority/action)
• references/dataflow-diagram.md — Mermaid data flow diagram
• references/verification-method.md — Verification method and acceptance checks
• references/acceptance-criteria.md — Acceptance criteria for the 11 huawei_* actions
• VPC security group docs: https://support.huaweicloud.com/usermanual-vpc/vpc_SecurityGroup_0001.html
• API Explorer: https://console.huaweicloud.com/apiexplorer/#/openapi/VPC/doc