Commit Message Linter

Validate git commit messages against Conventional Commits spec and configurable rules. Use when linting commit messages, enforcing commit conventions, checking commit history quality, setting up commit-msg hooks, or validating messages in CI pipelines. Supports custom type/scope whitelists, length limits, pattern matching, and multiple output formats (text, JSON, markdown).

Validate commit messages against Conventional Commits and custom rules. Pure Python, no dependencies.

Quick Start

bash

# Lint last commit
python3 scripts/lint_commits.py

# Lint last 5 commits
python3 scripts/lint_commits.py --range HEAD~5..HEAD

# Lint a branch
python3 scripts/lint_commits.py --range main..feature-branch

# Lint a single message
python3 scripts/lint_commits.py --message "feat: add login"

# Read from stdin (git commit-msg hook)
python3 scripts/lint_commits.py --stdin < .git/COMMIT_MSG

# Read from file
python3 scripts/lint_commits.py --file .git/COMMIT_MSG

Output Formats

bash

python3 scripts/lint_commits.py --format text      # human-readable (default)
python3 scripts/lint_commits.py --format json       # CI/tooling
python3 scripts/lint_commits.py --format markdown   # reports

Configuration

Generate default config:

bash

python3 scripts/lint_commits.py init

Creates .commitlintrc.json. Also auto-discovers .commitlintrc or commitlint.config.json.

Key config options:

• header_max_length (72) — max header chars
• require_conventional (true) — enforce <type>[scope]: <desc> format
• types — allowed types (feat, fix, docs, style, refactor, perf, test, build, ci, chore, revert)
• scopes — allowed scopes (empty = any)
• require_scope (false) — mandate scope
• require_body (false) — mandate body
• header_case — description start case: lower/upper/sentence/any
• no_trailing_period (true) — reject trailing period on header
• forbidden_patterns — regex patterns that reject commits
• required_patterns — regex patterns that must match
• --strict flag treats warnings as errors

Rules Reference

Rule	Level	Description
header-empty	error	Empty header
header-max-length	error	Header exceeds max length
header-min-length	warning	Header below min length
conventional-format	error	Not Conventional Commits format
type-enum	error	Type not in allowed list
scope-required	error	Missing required scope
scope-enum	error	Scope not in allowed list
description-empty	error	Empty description
description-case	warning	Wrong description case
header-no-period	warning	Trailing period
header-leading-whitespace	error	Leading whitespace
header-trailing-whitespace	warning	Trailing whitespace
body-separator	error	No blank line before body
body-required	warning	Missing required body
body-line-length	warning	Body line too long
body-max-lines	warning	Too many body lines
breaking-change-description	warning	Breaking ! without BREAKING CHANGE: in body
forbidden-pattern	error	Matches forbidden regex
required-pattern	warning	Doesn't match required regex

Exit Codes

• 0 — all commits pass (warnings OK unless --strict)
• 1 — errors found (or warnings with --strict)
• 2 — git/system error

CI Integration (Git Hook)

As commit-msg hook (.git/hooks/commit-msg):

bash

#!/bin/sh
python3 path/to/lint_commits.py --file "$1" --strict

Auto-ignored: merge commits, reverts, version tags, "Initial commit".