Apple Books

Read your Apple Books library, highlights, notes, and reading progress directly from the local SQLite databases on macOS.

Query your local Apple Books library on macOS. Read-only access to books, highlights, notes, collections, and reading progress.

Requirements

• macOS only — Apple Books stores data in ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/
• Full Disk Access required for the process running queries (System Settings → Privacy & Security → Full Disk Access)
• sqlite3 (pre-installed on macOS)
• Apple Books must have been opened at least once (databases are created on first launch)

Database discovery

The database filenames are consistent across macOS installs, but always resolve them dynamically in case Apple changes them in future versions:

bash

BKLIBRARY_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/BKLibrary/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
AEANNOTATION_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/AEAnnotation/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"

If either variable is empty, Apple Books has not been set up on this Mac.

Important: These are read-only queries. Never INSERT, UPDATE, or DELETE rows — doing so may corrupt Apple Books data or cause iCloud sync issues.

List all books

bash

BKLIBRARY_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/BKLibrary/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
sqlite3 "$BKLIBRARY_DB" \
  "SELECT ZTITLE, ZAUTHOR, ZGENRE, ZPAGECOUNT, ZREADINGPROGRESS, ZISFINISHED, ZASSETID
   FROM ZBKLIBRARYASSET
   WHERE ZTITLE IS NOT NULL
   ORDER BY ZLASTOPENDATE DESC;"

Search books by title or author

bash

BKLIBRARY_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/BKLibrary/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
sqlite3 "$BKLIBRARY_DB" \
  "SELECT ZTITLE, ZAUTHOR, ZGENRE, ZREADINGPROGRESS, ZASSETID
   FROM ZBKLIBRARYASSET
   WHERE ZTITLE IS NOT NULL AND (ZTITLE LIKE '%SEARCH_TERM%' OR ZAUTHOR LIKE '%SEARCH_TERM%')
   ORDER BY ZLASTOPENDATE DESC;"

Replace SEARCH_TERM with the user's query.

Currently reading (in progress, not finished)

bash

BKLIBRARY_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/BKLibrary/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
sqlite3 "$BKLIBRARY_DB" \
  "SELECT ZTITLE, ZAUTHOR, ZGENRE,
          printf('%.0f%%', ZREADINGPROGRESS * 100) AS progress,
          datetime(ZLASTOPENDATE + 978307200, 'unixepoch', 'localtime') AS last_opened
   FROM ZBKLIBRARYASSET
   WHERE ZTITLE IS NOT NULL
     AND ZREADINGPROGRESS > 0.0
     AND (ZISFINISHED IS NULL OR ZISFINISHED = 0)
   ORDER BY ZLASTOPENDATE DESC;"

Finished books

bash

BKLIBRARY_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/BKLibrary/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
sqlite3 "$BKLIBRARY_DB" \
  "SELECT ZTITLE, ZAUTHOR, ZGENRE,
          datetime(ZDATEFINISHED + 978307200, 'unixepoch', 'localtime') AS finished_date
   FROM ZBKLIBRARYASSET
   WHERE ZISFINISHED = 1
   ORDER BY ZDATEFINISHED DESC;"

Get all highlights and notes for a specific book

bash

AEANNOTATION_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/AEAnnotation/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
sqlite3 "$AEANNOTATION_DB" \
  "SELECT ZANNOTATIONSELECTEDTEXT, ZANNOTATIONNOTE, ZANNOTATIONSTYLE,
          datetime(ZANNOTATIONCREATIONDATE + 978307200, 'unixepoch', 'localtime') AS created
   FROM ZAEANNOTATION
   WHERE ZANNOTATIONDELETED = 0
     AND ZANNOTATIONASSETID = 'ASSET_ID'
     AND length(ZANNOTATIONSELECTEDTEXT) > 0
   ORDER BY ZPLLOCATIONRANGESTART ASC;"

Replace ASSET_ID with the book's ZASSETID from the library query.

Get all highlights across all books (with book titles)

bash

BKLIBRARY_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/BKLibrary/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
AEANNOTATION_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/AEAnnotation/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
sqlite3 "$AEANNOTATION_DB" \
  "ATTACH DATABASE '$BKLIBRARY_DB' AS lib;
   SELECT lib.ZBKLIBRARYASSET.ZTITLE, lib.ZBKLIBRARYASSET.ZAUTHOR,
          ZAEANNOTATION.ZANNOTATIONSELECTEDTEXT, ZAEANNOTATION.ZANNOTATIONNOTE,
          datetime(ZAEANNOTATION.ZANNOTATIONCREATIONDATE + 978307200, 'unixepoch', 'localtime') AS created
   FROM ZAEANNOTATION
   JOIN lib.ZBKLIBRARYASSET ON ZAEANNOTATION.ZANNOTATIONASSETID = lib.ZBKLIBRARYASSET.ZASSETID
   WHERE ZAEANNOTATION.ZANNOTATIONDELETED = 0
     AND length(ZAEANNOTATION.ZANNOTATIONSELECTEDTEXT) > 0
   ORDER BY ZAEANNOTATION.ZANNOTATIONCREATIONDATE DESC
   LIMIT 50;"

List collections (shelves)

bash

BKLIBRARY_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/BKLibrary/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
sqlite3 "$BKLIBRARY_DB" \
  "SELECT c.ZTITLE, c.ZCOLLECTIONID, COUNT(m.Z_PK) AS book_count
   FROM ZBKCOLLECTION c
   LEFT JOIN ZBKCOLLECTIONMEMBER m ON m.Z_PK IN (
     SELECT Z_PK FROM ZBKCOLLECTIONMEMBER
   )
   WHERE c.ZDELETEDFLAG = 0 AND c.ZTITLE IS NOT NULL
   GROUP BY c.ZCOLLECTIONID
   ORDER BY c.ZTITLE;"

Reading stats

bash

BKLIBRARY_DB="$(ls ~/Library/Containers/com.apple.iBooksX/Data/Documents/BKLibrary/*.sqlite 2>/dev/null | head -1)"
sqlite3 "$BKLIBRARY_DB" \
  "SELECT
     COUNT(*) AS total_books,
     SUM(CASE WHEN ZISFINISHED = 1 THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS finished,
     SUM(CASE WHEN ZREADINGPROGRESS > 0 AND (ZISFINISHED IS NULL OR ZISFINISHED = 0) THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS in_progress,
     SUM(CASE WHEN ZREADINGPROGRESS = 0 OR ZREADINGPROGRESS IS NULL THEN 1 ELSE 0 END) AS not_started,
     printf('%.0f%%', AVG(ZREADINGPROGRESS) * 100) AS avg_progress
   FROM ZBKLIBRARYASSET
   WHERE ZTITLE IS NOT NULL;"

Annotation styles

Style value	Color
1	Green
2	Blue
3	Yellow
4	Pink
5	Purple

Annotation types

Type value	Meaning
2	Highlight
3	Bookmark

Date handling

Apple Books uses Core Data timestamps (seconds since 2001-01-01). To convert to human-readable:

sql

datetime(TIMESTAMP_COLUMN + 978307200, 'unixepoch', 'localtime')

Troubleshooting

• "unable to open database file" — Grant Full Disk Access to the process (OpenClaw gateway / node) in System Settings → Privacy & Security → Full Disk Access
• Empty results — Open Apple Books at least once so macOS creates the databases
• Stale data — Apple Books may hold a write lock while open; queries still work in WAL mode but data may lag a few seconds behind the UI

Notes

• ZASSETID is the key that links books to their annotations
• ZREADINGPROGRESS is a float from 0.0 to 1.0
• ZISFINISHED is 1 when marked as finished, NULL or 0 otherwise
• The ZLASTOPENDATE field tracks when the book was last opened
• All queries are read-only — never modify these databases
• Audiobooks from Apple Books also appear in this database (ZISSTOREAUDIOBOOK = 1)