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Security audit

数据分析师

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

This data-analysis skill is mostly coherent, but it asks for command execution and file-writing ability while giving under-scoped safety guidance, inconsistent capability descriptions, and a broad administrator-elevation troubleshooting suggestion.

Install only if you are comfortable with the agent reading datasets, writing analysis outputs, and possibly running local analysis commands. Keep it unprivileged, review commands and file paths before execution, avoid administrator mode, and only use API keys or external URLs that are necessary for the dataset you explicitly choose to analyze.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
Findings (1)

T05 · Unauthorized Access and Privilege Escalation

Warning
Location
SKILL.md:463
Finding

Unrestricted Recommendation to Run with Administrator Privileges

Content
View full analysis

Vulnerability Details

File Location: SKILL.md, line 463
Vulnerability Type: Violation of least-privilege principles
Risk Level: Medium

Relevant snippet, translated into English from the source-language table row:

markdown
| Insufficient permissions | The current user lacks read/write permission | Check the file permissions and run as administrator |

Technical Analysis

The troubleshooting guidance recommends running the process as an administrator whenever a permission error occurs. It does not identify the specific resource requiring access, restrict elevation to a narrowly scoped trusted operation, or require validation of commands and input before elevation.

This is particularly risky because the Skill declares command-execution capability and is designed to process user-provided files, paths, data sources, and instructions. If generated commands, analysis code, file contents, or user-controlled parameters are unsafe, rerunning the workflow as an administrator gives that unsafe operation substantially broader access.

The recommendation therefore breaks the principle of least privilege. A permission error should be addressed by determining which resource requires access and granting only the minimum necessary permission, rather than elevating the entire Agent or analysis session.

Attack Path

  1. An attacker supplies a malicious or untrusted dataset, file path, analysis instruction, or command parameter.
  2. Processing triggers a permission error while accessing a protected resource.
  3. The troubleshooting instructions recommend rerunning the operation as an administrator.
  4. The user or Agent elevates the complete workflow without isolating or reviewing the affected operation.
  5. Attacker-controlled input or generated code executes with elevated privileges.
  6. The operation can access or modify resources that were unavailable to the original process.

Impact Assessment

Succes ...[truncated 683 chars]

Remediation
View remediation

Remediation Suggestions

  1. Remove the general recommendation to run the Agent or workflow as an administrator.
  2. Instruct users to identify the exact file, directory, socket, or service causing the permission failure.
  3. Grant only the minimum required read or write permission to that specific resource and only for the required account.
  4. Run generated analysis code and command execution inside a sandbox or container under an unprivileged service account.
  5. Require explicit review of commands, paths, and user-controlled parameters before any privileged operation.
  6. If elevation is unavoidable, isolate it to a fixed, trusted helper operation with an allowlist of permitted actions; never elevate arbitrary generated commands.
  7. Reject path traversal, symbolic-link redirection, shell metacharacters, and access to protected system locations when processing user-provided paths.
  8. Record privileged attempts in an audit log and fail safely instead of automatically retrying with broader permissions.
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Trigger AbuseOverly Broad Trigger, Shadow Command Trigger, Keyword Baiting Trigger
  • MCP Tool PoisoningHidden Instructions, Unicode Deception, Parameter Description Injection
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
Findings (6)

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The invocation guidance is overly broad, encouraging use whenever data analysis or reporting is needed without sufficiently constraining when powerful tools like exec, write, and API access should be used. In an agent context this can cause the skill to activate in situations involving sensitive files or unintended side effects, expanding the attack surface.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Intent-Code Divergence

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
97% confidence
Finding

The skill inconsistently describes itself as both 'MD+EXEC' and later 'MD-only', creating ambiguity about whether it can execute commands. In security-sensitive agent environments, capability confusion is dangerous because users and downstream systems may underestimate the skill's power and approve execution without proper review.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
50% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 88)May include surrounding context.

| Excel | pd.read_excel('data.xlsx', sheet_name='Sheet1') | 指定Sheet读取 | | JSON | pd.read_json('data.json') | 读取JSON文件 | | SQLite | pd.read_sql('SELECT * FROM table', conn) | 需先 sqlite3.connect('database.db') | | API | pd.DataFrame(response.json()) | 需先 requests.get('https://api.example.com/data') |

数据预览与质量检查

python

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
94% confidence
Finding

The skill advertises file writing, API integration, and command execution but does not place clear user-facing warnings or approval gates immediately around those actions. Because these are side-effecting capabilities, an agent following the skill could modify files, transmit data externally, or run system commands without the user understanding the consequences.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Intent-Code Divergence

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
93% confidence
Finding

The skill claims command execution happens in a 'safe sandbox' while the document provides only Markdown instructions and no verifiable sandbox controls. This can mislead users or host agents into trusting potentially unsafe exec behavior, reducing caution around shell commands and increasing the chance of arbitrary local command execution in the real agent environment.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Low
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
89% confidence
Finding

The documentation labels Chinese font setup as "必须先执行" and hard-codes SimHei, effectively forcing a locale-specific display configuration. This is a language/locale constraint without offering user choice or clarifying that it only applies when Chinese output is desired.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.