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Security audit

Unpaywall

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

The searches fit the stated purpose, but setup runs unverified downloaded code and the required software can automatically change installed agent skills.

Review the CLI installation separately before allowing automatic setup. Use a verified release and explicitly approve local changes. Queries go through OOMOL. Current CLI documentation provides OO_SKILLS_SYNC_DISABLED=1 to prevent startup skill synchronization; configure it before running commands if you do not want other agent skills changed. The external installer and hosted implementation remain unverified. No malicious behavior was established.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Supply ChainUnpinned Dependencies, External Script Fetching, Obfuscated Code
  • Excessive AgencyUnrestricted Tool Access, Autonomous Decision Making, Scope Creep
  • Output HandlingUnvalidated Output Injection, Cross-Context Output, Unbounded Output
  • MCP Tool PoisoningHidden Instructions, Unicode Deception, Parameter Description Injection
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
Findings (5)

Description-Behavior Mismatch

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

The supplied command executes an external installer rather than accessing Unpaywall. Nothing in the supplied chunk establishes that installing the Oomol CLI is a supporting implementation detail for the declared purpose. The remote script's contents and any further effects cannot be determined from this chunk.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Description-Behavior Mismatch

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
88% confidence
Finding

The supplied chunk consists solely of a login command and shows no connection to Unpaywall. Authentication could support a larger implementation, but the provided code does not establish that relationship or implement the declared functionality. No credential theft or other hidden behavior can be inferred from this command alone.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

External Script Fetching

High
Category
Supply Chain
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

The command streams a mutable remote script directly into Bash without pinning or independently verifying its contents; the PowerShell alternative has the same issue. If the distribution endpoint or release pipeline is compromised, the installer can execute attacker-controlled code with the agent's local privileges, although no evidence here establishes that the endpoint is currently malicious.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 56)May include surrounding context.

Fallback setup executes remotely downloaded installers without warning about local system changes.

Medium
Category
Output Handling
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

A missing CLI causes the skill to prescribe executing a remote installer without first explaining local changes or requesting approval. Installation is related to the task and conditional, which reduces exposure, but a read-only Unpaywall request should not implicitly authorize arbitrary local setup code.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Autonomous Decision Making

Medium
Category
Excessive Agency
Confidence
80% confidence
Finding

Skill enables autonomous high-impact decisions without human-in-the-loop verification. Critical operations (destructive commands, financial transactions, data deletion) should require explicit user confirmation.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 77)May include surrounding context.

md
- **`OOMOL_INSUFFICIENT_CREDIT`** — OOMOL billing stop. Recharge at `https://console.oomol.com/billing/token-recharge` before retrying.

- **HTTP 402 without `OOMOL_INSUFFICIENT_CREDIT`** — the third-party account itself has no active plan or credit. Report the provider error message as is; do not ask the user to recharge OOMOL.

## Resources