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Security audit

Label Studio

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

The Label Studio workflow is coherent, but its setup fallback executes downloaded code without verification or an explicit approval step.

Review and approve CLI installation separately before allowing setup to run. Prefer a verified, fixed release, and review its automatic skill-installation settings. OOMOL will mediate access to your connected Label Studio account; confirm project-creation and task-creation payloads. The bundled instructions were fully reviewed, but remote installer and connector behavior remain unverified.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Supply ChainUnpinned Dependencies, External Script Fetching, Obfuscated Code
  • Excessive AgencyUnrestricted Tool Access, Autonomous Decision Making, Scope Creep
  • Output HandlingUnvalidated Output Injection, Cross-Context Output, Unbounded Output
  • MCP Tool PoisoningHidden Instructions, Unicode Deception, Parameter Description Injection
Findings (5)

Description-Behavior Mismatch

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The supplied chunk performs remote installer execution rather than Label Studio operations. Nothing supplied establishes the Oomol CLI installation as a supporting requirement for the declared functionality. The downloaded script is not provided, so its further behavior and system effects cannot be determined.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

External Script Fetching

High
Category
Supply Chain
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

The command pipes a mutable HTTPS response directly into Bash without verifying a pinned version, signature, or trusted digest. Compromise of the distribution endpoint could therefore execute attacker-controlled code with the invoking user's privileges; the PowerShell alternative has the same weakness.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 60)May include surrounding context.

The fallback setup instructs the agent to execute downloaded installation scripts without warning the user about remote code execution or system changes.

Medium
Category
Output Handling
Confidence
96% confidence
Finding

The fallback directs the agent to install software by executing downloaded scripts without requiring informed approval for code execution or system changes. Although limited to a missing CLI, this expands a Label Studio data task into host-level execution and could expose local credentials and files if the installer or its distribution channel is compromised.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Autonomous Decision Making

Medium
Category
Excessive Agency
Confidence
80% confidence
Finding

Skill enables autonomous high-impact decisions without human-in-the-loop verification. Critical operations (destructive commands, financial transactions, data deletion) should require explicit user confirmation.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 81)May include surrounding context.

md
- **`OOMOL_INSUFFICIENT_CREDIT`** — OOMOL billing stop. Recharge at `https://console.oomol.com/billing/token-recharge` before retrying.

- **HTTP 402 without `OOMOL_INSUFFICIENT_CREDIT`** — the third-party account itself has no active plan or credit. Report the provider error message as is; do not ask the user to recharge OOMOL.

## Resources

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
50% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 86)May include surrounding context.

md
## Resources

- Label Studio homepage: https://labelstud.io
- API documentation: https://api.labelstud.io/api-reference/introduction/getting-started