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Security audit

Europe PMC

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

The literature tools match the stated purpose, but setup can execute unverified downloaded software without clear user approval.

Review setup before installing. Prefer a reviewed, version-pinned CLI installation and require approval for software installation or changes to other agent skills. Searches pass through OOMOL. The external installers were unavailable for inspection, so their exact effects remain uncertain; no malicious intent was established.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Supply ChainUnpinned Dependencies, External Script Fetching, Obfuscated Code
  • Excessive AgencyUnrestricted Tool Access, Autonomous Decision Making, Scope Creep
  • Output HandlingUnvalidated Output Injection, Cross-Context Output, Unbounded Output
  • MCP Tool PoisoningHidden Instructions, Unicode Deception, Parameter Description Injection
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
Findings (5)

Description-Behavior Mismatch

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

The fallback expands a read-only literature task into downloading and executing an installer on the agent's host without explicit approval or integrity verification. Installing the documented connector CLI is a plausible prerequisite rather than evidence of malicious intent, but a compromised installer could execute arbitrary code with the agent's permissions.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Description-Behavior Mismatch

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The supplied code only invokes a login command; it does not search or read Europe PMC data or identify Europe PMC as its target. Authentication could support a service integration, but the provided chunk establishes no such connection, so its observable purpose differs materially from the declared purpose.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

External Script Fetching

High
Category
Supply Chain
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

Piping an HTTPS response directly into bash executes mutable remote content without a pinned version, signature verification, or prior inspection; the PowerShell alternative has the same issue. HTTPS protects transport but does not protect against a compromised distribution endpoint or malicious installer release, which could gain the agent's local privileges.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 68)May include surrounding context.

The setup fallback instructs the agent to install software without warning the user about system changes or remote-code execution.

Medium
Category
Output Handling
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The missing-command fallback instructs installation without obtaining approval for local system changes or explaining that downloaded code will run. Although conditional and related to setup, it crosses the boundary from reading publications to executing software, potentially exposing files and credentials accessible to the agent.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Autonomous Decision Making

Medium
Category
Excessive Agency
Confidence
80% confidence
Finding

Skill enables autonomous high-impact decisions without human-in-the-loop verification. Critical operations (destructive commands, financial transactions, data deletion) should require explicit user confirmation.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 83)May include surrounding context.

md
- **`OOMOL_INSUFFICIENT_CREDIT`** — OOMOL billing stop. Recharge at `https://console.oomol.com/billing/token-recharge` before retrying.

- **HTTP 402 without `OOMOL_INSUFFICIENT_CREDIT`** — the third-party account itself has no active plan or credit. Report the provider error message as is; do not ask the user to recharge OOMOL.

## Resources