ClawHub
Back to skill

Security audit

OC Backup

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

This backup skill has a clear purpose, but it archives credentials and private OpenClaw data in plaintext without enforcing the owner-only protections it claims.

Review before installing. Use this only if you are comfortable creating backups that may contain API keys, tokens, private memory, device credentials, and custom skill source. Store backups in a private encrypted location, avoid shared or synced folders unless encrypted, and consider running category-specific backups instead of the default full backup when secrets are not needed.

A.I.G

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Insecure Skill Coding PracticesFinds exploitable flaws such as hardcoded secrets or command injection
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
Findings (1)

T09 · Insecure Skill Coding Practices

Error
Location
scripts/backup.js:945
Finding

Plaintext Backups of Credentials and Private OpenClaw Data Lack Enforced Access Controls

Content
View full analysis
Remediation
View remediation

SkillSpector

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
  • Tool MisuseTool Parameter Abuse, Chaining Abuse, Unsafe Defaults
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Supply ChainUnpinned Dependencies, External Script Fetching, Obfuscated Code
Findings (67)

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 10)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 35)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 63)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 66)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 69)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 72)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 75)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 78)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 81)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 84)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 87)May include surrounding context.

md
- **主入口**: scripts/backup.js

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/FILE_LIST.md (reported line 10)May include surrounding context.

text
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/FILE_LIST.md (reported line 57)May include surrounding context.

text
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/RECOVERY_GUIDE_TEMPLATE.md (reported line 128)May include surrounding context.

text
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/RECOVERY_GUIDE_TEMPLATE.md (reported line 130)May include surrounding context.

text
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/RECOVERY_GUIDE_TEMPLATE.md (reported line 131)May include surrounding context.

text
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/RECOVERY_GUIDE_TEMPLATE.md (reported line 276)May include surrounding context.

text
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/RECOVERY_GUIDE_TEMPLATE.md (reported line 322)May include surrounding context.

text
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/backup.js (reported line 650)May include surrounding context.

js
```
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/backup.js (reported line 714)May include surrounding context.

js
```
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/backup.js (reported line 730)May include surrounding context.

js
```
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/backup.js (reported line 755)May include surrounding context.

js
```
~/.openclaw/                          # OpenClaw 根目录
├── openclaw.json                     # 主配置文件
├── .env                              # 环境变量（敏感）
├── exec-approvals.json               # 执行审批配置
├── gateway.cmd                       # Gateway 启动脚本
├── workspace/                        # 工作空间

Tool Parameter Abuse

High
Category
Tool Misuse
Confidence
90% confidence
Finding

Tool parameters are crafted to achieve unintended or unsafe behavior. Parameter abuse can bypass intended safety checks (e.g. shell=True, --force, dangerous glob patterns).

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/FILE_LIST.md (reported line 88)May include surrounding context.

json
{
  "approved": ["npm install", "git status"],
  "denied": ["rm -rf /"]
}

Tool Parameter Abuse

High
Category
Tool Misuse
Confidence
85% confidence
Finding

Tool parameters are crafted to achieve unintended or unsafe behavior. Parameter abuse can bypass intended safety checks (e.g. shell=True, --force, dangerous glob patterns).

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/FILE_LIST.md (reported line 88)May include surrounding context.

json
{
  "approved": ["npm install", "git status"],
  "denied": ["rm -rf /"]
}

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
90% confidence
Finding

Unlike the earlier references, this line places .env inside the documented backup package structure, meaning the skill's intended output includes secrets in a portable archive. In the context of a backup skill, packaging credential files without prominent protection requirements materially increases the risk of credential theft if the archive is stored or transferred insecurely.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/FILE_LIST.md (reported line 288)May include surrounding context.

md
├── manifest.json           # 备份元数据
    ├── system/                 # 系统配置
    │   ├── openclaw.json
    │   ├── .env
    │   ├── exec-approvals.json
    │   └── gateway.cmd
    ├── workspace/              # 核心文件

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.