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Security audit

OpenClaw Chain of Execution (CoE)

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

This skill is a disclosed execution-progress logger with no network, credential, persistence, or destructive behavior, but users should note its broad triggers and verbose process output.

Install only if you want Chinese step-by-step progress messages. Consider narrowing or disabling automatic triggers such as '过程' if accidental activation would be annoying, and avoid using it to reveal hidden chain-of-thought, private prompts, credentials, or sensitive intermediate data.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Trigger AbuseOverly Broad Trigger, Shadow Command Trigger, Keyword Baiting Trigger
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
  • Supply ChainUnpinned Dependencies, External Script Fetching, Obfuscated Code
Findings (8)

Vague Triggers

High
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

The trigger phrase '过程' is extremely broad and is likely to match many ordinary prompts, making accidental activation highly probable. In this skill, accidental activation is especially risky because the stated behavior includes exposing internal execution steps and reasoning-related content to the user.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
91% confidence
Finding

The skill documentation is written entirely in Chinese and presents the interaction/output style as the intended behavior, with no indication that users may choose another language. This can violate a language/locale policy when a skill imposes a specific language without explicit opt-in or justification.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Ssd 3

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
97% confidence
Finding

This section directs the agent to reveal internal execution details step by step, including skill selection, model invocation, waiting states, returned results, and reasoning. Such transparency can leak implementation details, facilitate prompt probing, and expose data or decision pathways that should remain abstracted from end users.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The skill explicitly instructs the agent to provide '推理过程' and to rule out alternatives without requiring explicit user opt-in. Revealing reasoning/process details can expose sensitive internal deliberation, policy logic, or hidden system behavior beyond what should normally be user-visible.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The auto-trigger behavior is keyed off common conversational phrases like '分步', '一步一步', and '执行过程', which can appear in normal user requests unrelated to this skill. That can cause unintended activation and disclosure of internal execution details when the user did not explicitly request this behavior.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
92% confidence
Finding

The module description and user-facing strings indicate the tracker is designed to output execution steps in Chinese, with no indication that users can choose another language or locale. This is a natural-language policy concern because it imposes a specific language by default rather than offering an opt-in or documented locale constraint.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
96% confidence
Finding

This Python file contains user-facing status messages in Chinese for the enable, disable, and status commands. Because the skill does not offer a language or locale choice or document a justified locale restriction, this creates a natural-language policy issue under the language/locale rule.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Overly Broad Trigger

Low
Category
Trigger Abuse
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

The trigger '过程' is too short and generic, so it may activate on many benign inputs unintentionally. While this is primarily a trigger hygiene issue, in this skill it compounds the risk of unnecessary disclosure because activation enables verbose execution tracing.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.