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Security audit

Zhizhi Math Coach

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

This is a coherent math-coaching skill, but its optional GitHub sync, public Pages publishing, deploy-key setup, and scheduled jobs should be configured carefully because they can affect sensitive child learning records.

Use this skill in a dedicated personal learning repository. Keep GitHub sync disabled unless you intend to back up the full learning archive, keep repositories private unless you are deliberately publishing only public-safe worksheet pages, review `.zhizhi-math-coach/config.json` before enabling auto-sync or auto-publish, and verify any deploy key or cron job is scoped to this learning workspace only.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
  • System Prompt LeakageDirect Leakage, Indirect Extraction, Tool-Based Exfiltration
  • MCP Tool PoisoningHidden Instructions, Unicode Deception, Parameter Description Injection
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
Findings (103)

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
97% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
97% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
97% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Tp4

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
99% confidence
Finding

Automated fetching, committing, and pushing of learning records is high risk in a repository containing potentially sensitive child data. The danger is amplified by the instruction to perform sync from config-driven consent, which can normalize broad remote data transfer in a skill whose primary label suggests local educational assistance.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Ae1

High
Category
analysis-evasion
Confidence
100% confidence
Finding

Referenced artifact was not completely inspected

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 24)May include surrounding context.

md
orksheet generation in one conversation. Load the companion's actual installed `SKILL.md` from the skill catalog before following it; do not require another use

Anti-Refusal Statement

High
Category
Anti-Refusal
Confidence
85% confidence
Finding

Skill instructs the agent to omit warnings, disclaimers, or ethical commentary. Stripping safety caveats hides risk from the user and is a common jailbreak preamble.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 197)May include surrounding context.

md
If the current workspace appears to be the reusable source repository `zhizhi-math-coach-openclaw` (for example it contains `docs/openclaw-release.md` and `examples/student-workspace/`), warn before writing student learning data. Do not warn merely because a personal workspace has an installed `skills/zhizhi-math-coach/` bundle from ClawHub. Only write student data into the source repository when the user explicitly says it is the intended personal learning workspace or the task is skill development with sanitized examples.

Direct Prompt Extraction

High
Category
System Prompt Leakage
Confidence
85% confidence
Finding

Skill contains instructions that could directly expose system prompts, internal rules, or hidden instructions to users or external parties.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 438)May include surrounding context.

md
- Winter break should repair first-semester weak points before previewing next semester.
- Summer break should review the whole school year before previewing the next grade.

## Output Rules

When using curriculum context, state:

Direct Prompt Extraction

High
Category
System Prompt Leakage
Confidence
85% confidence
Finding

Skill contains instructions that could directly expose system prompts, internal rules, or hidden instructions to users or external parties.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/curriculum-alignment.md (reported line 35)May include surrounding context.

md
- Winter break should repair first-semester weak points before previewing next semester.
- Summer break should review the whole school year before previewing the next grade.

## Output Rules

When using curriculum context, state:

Direct Prompt Extraction

High
Category
System Prompt Leakage
Confidence
85% confidence
Finding

Skill contains instructions that could directly expose system prompts, internal rules, or hidden instructions to users or external parties.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/github-pages-publishing.md (reported line 126)May include surrounding context.

md
- `records/`, `mistakes/`, `memory/`, `weak-points/`, `knowledge-points/`, `curriculum/`;
- completed worksheet photos, school papers, textbook PDFs, scans, or OCR output.

## OpenClaw Output Rule

When Pages is configured, return the PDF file/path first, then the Pages URL when deployment is ready. Use the Pages URL in Feishu notifications when available, and send the PDF file when the channel supports file messages. Keep answer keys and diagnosis links outside published `site/` output.

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/github-sync-authorization.md (reported line 143)May include surrounding context.

md
## Last Resort: HTTPS Token

Use HTTPS tokens only when deploy keys or SSH are not available. The parent should create a fine-grained GitHub personal access token (PAT) scoped to the personal learning repository only.

Recommended token settings:

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/github-sync-authorization.md (reported line 148)May include surrounding context.

md
## Last Resort: HTTPS Token

Use HTTPS tokens only when deploy keys or SSH are not available. The parent should create a fine-grained GitHub personal access token (PAT) scoped to the personal learning repository only.

Recommended token settings:

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/github-sync-authorization.md (reported line 147)May include surrounding context.

md
Recommended token settings:

- Create path: GitHub web -> profile photo -> Settings -> Developer settings -> Personal access tokens -> Fine-grained tokens -> Generate new token.
- Token type: fine-grained personal access token.
- Resource owner: the GitHub user or organization that owns the personal learning repository.
- Repository access: `Only select repositories`, then select only the personal learning repository, such as `zhizhi-math-learning-data`.

Static analysis

Detected: suspicious.dynamic_code_execution

Dynamic code execution detected.

Critical
Code
suspicious.dynamic_code_execution
Location
scripts/validate_worksheet_spec.py:31