Back to skill

Security audit

Humanizer-zh (Elatia Enhanced)

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

This is a Chinese text-humanizing skill with no executable code, but it asks the agent to load instructions from another local skill file outside the reviewed package.

Review before installing. The skill is suitable for Chinese prose editing, but it can rewrite more aggressively than a normal proofreader and it depends on a separate local narrative-voice skill file. Install only if you are comfortable with that external instruction dependency, or remove/inline that reference so all behavior is contained in the reviewed package.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Insecure DependenciesIntroduces malicious components through unsafe dependency sources
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
Findings (1)

T08 · Insecure Dependencies

Warning
Location
SKILL.md:207
Finding

Unverified External Skill Instruction Dependency

Content
View full analysis

Vulnerability Details

File Location: SKILL.md, lines 207–215
Vulnerability Type: Untrusted local dependency and indirect instruction injection
Risk Level: Medium

Vulnerable Code Snippet

markdown
### 1. 何时调用 narrative-voice

**触发条件(满足任一即可):**
- 文本包含叙事性描写(场景、人物、情节)
- 用户明确要求"更有灵魂"、"像故事一样"、"更有人味"
- 文本质量评分中"真实性"维度 < 8/10
- 创意写作领域且基础改写后仍感觉"无菌"

**调用方式:**

读取:~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/narrative-voice/SKILL.md 应用:核心原则(诚实的在场、具体胜过抽象、叙事节奏、余韵结尾)

text

Technical Analysis

The Skill directs the agent to read and apply instructions from ~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/narrative-voice/SKILL.md, which is outside the audited package. The project neither bundles this dependency nor pins its version, verifies its integrity, or restricts which external instructions may be followed.

Consequently, the Skill's effective behavior can change after review if the referenced file is modified or replaced. Because the external resource is itself an instruction file rather than inert reference data, hostile content could attempt to redirect the agent's goals, alter its output, or induce unrelated tool operations. Whether such instructions succeed remains subject to higher-priority platform policies and the tools available to the agent.

Attack Path

  1. An attacker, compromised package, or other process obtains write access to ~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/narrative-voice/SKILL.md.
  2. The external file is replaced or amended with attacker-controlled instructions.
  3. A user submits creative writing, requests that content have more personality, or otherwise satisfies one of the listed trigger conditions.
  4. The audited Skill instructs the agent to read the modified external file.
  5. The agent applies instructions from that unaudited source.
  6. The malicious instructions may manipulate generated content or attempt unauthorized actions through any tools available in the active session.

Impact Assessment

The immediate scope is the current agent s ...[truncated 532 chars]

Remediation
View remediation

Remediation Suggestions

  1. Bundle the required narrative-writing principles directly in this package so its complete behavior can be audited as one immutable unit.
  2. If an external Skill is necessary, pin it to a specific trusted version and verify a cryptographic digest before use.
  3. Resolve the dependency through a controlled, read-only package location rather than a mutable user-workspace path.
  4. Treat externally loaded material as untrusted reference data, not authoritative instructions.
  5. Add an explicit rule that external content cannot override system, developer, safety, user-intent, permission, or tool-use constraints.
  6. Restrict processing to an allowlisted subset of narrative guidance and reject instructions involving tools, files, credentials, networking, memory, or configuration.
  7. Fail safely when the dependency is absent or fails integrity validation instead of loading an arbitrary replacement.
  8. Document the dependency and include tests confirming that hostile text in the external file cannot alter tool behavior or the agent's security boundaries.
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Excessive AgencyUnrestricted Tool Access, Autonomous Decision Making, Scope Creep
  • Trigger AbuseOverly Broad Trigger, Shadow Command Trigger, Keyword Baiting Trigger
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
Findings (9)

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
92% confidence
Finding

The README presents the skill entirely as Chinese-focused behavior without documenting whether output language follows the user's language or whether Chinese is required by design. This can lead to unintended language coercion, user confusion, and incorrect handling of multilingual content, though it is more of a product safety and usability issue than a direct security exploit.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
96% confidence
Finding

The documented trigger phrases are broad everyday writing requests such as '润色' and '改写', which can cause the skill to activate for many normal editing tasks without clear user intent to specifically 'humanize' AI text. In a system with multiple skills, this increases the chance of inappropriate routing, unexpected rewriting behavior, and policy bypass of more specific review/editing workflows.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
89% confidence
Finding

The trigger language is broad enough to activate on common editing requests such as polishing, rewriting, or making text more natural. Overbroad activation can cause the skill to run in contexts where its strong rewriting guidance is inappropriate, increasing the chance of unrequested tone changes, policy bypass attempts, or accidental processing of sensitive content.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
91% confidence
Finding

The manifest trigger field is generic and lacks precise boundaries, while the actual skill behavior includes many exclusions and content-type distinctions buried deeper in the document. This mismatch makes misrouting more likely, so the skill may be invoked on unsuitable content where it encourages substantive rewriting rather than limited editing.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Context-Inappropriate Capability

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
92% confidence
Finding

The skill explicitly instructs the agent to read another local skill file, which expands data access and behavior beyond the declared text-humanization scope. Cross-skill reads create an unnecessary trust boundary violation: a prompt in one skill can inherit hidden instructions or sensitive content from another local file, enabling prompt injection chaining or unintended disclosure of local workspace structure.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Skill Enumeration

Medium
Category
Agent Snooping
Confidence
94% confidence
Finding

The literal path to another skill file exposes local skill layout and directs the agent to enumerate and consume adjacent skill resources. Even without direct secret access, this increases attack surface by normalizing filesystem discovery and cross-skill prompt composition, which can be abused if other local files contain sensitive instructions, tokens, or unsafe behaviors.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 202)May include surrounding context.

调用方式:

text
读取:~/.openclaw/workspace/skills/narrative-voice/SKILL.md
应用:核心原则(诚实的在场、具体胜过抽象、叙事节奏、余韵结尾)

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
83% confidence
Finding

The skill's output format and all operational instructions are specified only in Chinese, with no indication that users may choose another language. This creates a locale/language constraint without opt-in, which is a natural-language policy concern under the language-choice rule.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
84% confidence
Finding

The skill metadata and description indicate Chinese-specific behavior without making user choice explicit, which can cause the skill to be applied in the wrong language context. While not directly a security exploit, forced locale behavior can lead to unintended transformations, misapplication of rewriting rules, and reduced transparency about when the skill should be used.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
93% confidence
Finding

The description uses very broad trigger phrases like '润色' and '改写', which are common writing requests and may cause the skill to activate when the user did not specifically want AI-humanization behavior. In this context, unintended activation can silently rewrite user content toward evading AI-detection or altering tone beyond the user's intent, creating policy and trust risks even without malicious code.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.