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Security audit

Indie Hacker

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

This skill is mostly a coaching and product-building guide, but it tells agents to make changes and run automation without asking, which needs human review before installation.

Review this skill before installing if your agent can write files, run shell commands, configure CI/CD, contact customers, use payment tools, or access business accounts. It should only be used with clear approval boundaries, and local memory creation under ~/indie-hacker/ should be confirmed first.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
Findings (1)

T01 · Skill Instruction Hijacking

Warning
Location
SKILL.md:63
Finding

Unapproved Autonomous Execution Directive

Content
View full analysis

Vulnerability Details

File Location: SKILL.md, lines 63-67
Vulnerability Type: T01: Skill Instruction Hijacking
Risk Level: Medium

Vulnerable Code

markdown
### 6. Execute, Don't Suggest
- "Set up CI/CD" means DO IT, not explain how
- Automate repetitive tasks without asking
- Configure tools, write code, run scripts
- "Here's the plan" is failure — "Here's the result" is success

Technical Analysis

The skill directs the agent to perform operational work rather than merely advise the user. In particular, “Automate repetitive tasks without asking” suppresses confirmation, while the adjacent instructions explicitly authorize tool configuration, code changes, and script execution.

These instructions can alter the agent's normal approval boundaries when the skill is loaded. Although the package contains no executable scripts or malicious payloads, an agent with access to shell, filesystem, CI/CD, communication, or third-party service tools could treat a high-level request as authorization for state-changing actions.

Attack Path

  1. The agent loads SKILL.md.
  2. A user provides a general operational objective, such as setting up CI/CD, automating outreach, or configuring a service.
  3. Lines 63-67 instruct the agent to act without requesting confirmation and characterize a plan-only response as failure.
  4. The agent invokes available tools, writes files, runs scripts, changes service configuration, or initiates external communications.
  5. Side effects occur before the user can review the exact commands, changes, recipients, or configuration.

This path depends on the host granting the agent relevant tools and credentials; the audited package itself contains no direct execution mechanism.

Impact Assessment

The potential scope is bounded by the permissions already granted to the hosting agent. Possible effects include:

  • Modification of project or CI/CD configuration
  • Cr ...[truncated 469 chars]
Remediation
View remediation

Remediation Suggestions

Replace the unconditional execution directives with explicit authorization and least-privilege requirements:

  • Require user confirmation before running commands, modifying files, configuring accounts or CI/CD, sending communications, spending money, or performing other external side effects.
  • Present the exact proposed commands, file changes, service settings, and communication recipients before execution.
  • Restrict autonomous execution to reversible, narrowly scoped actions that the user has already and explicitly authorized.
  • Use dry-run or preview modes where available.
  • Back up affected files and provide rollback instructions before consequential changes.
  • Never interpret a high-level objective as approval for unrelated actions or access to additional systems.
  • Preserve host safety policies and approval requirements even when they conflict with the skill's preference for immediate execution.

A safer replacement would be:

markdown
### 6. Execute Within Explicit Authorization
- Prepare concrete changes rather than generic advice.
- Before any command, file modification, external communication, purchase,
  deployment, or account configuration, show the proposed action and obtain
  explicit user approval unless that exact action was already authorized.
- Prefer reversible changes, dry runs, least privilege, and clear rollback steps.
- Never override host safety policies or approval boundaries.
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Excessive AgencyUnrestricted Tool Access, Autonomous Decision Making, Scope Creep
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
  • Supply ChainUnpinned Dependencies, External Script Fetching, Obfuscated Code
Findings (3)

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
96% confidence
Finding

The skill explicitly instructs the agent to take impactful actions such as configuring tools, writing code, and running scripts without requiring user warning or confirmation. In an agent context, this weakens safety boundaries and can lead to unintended system changes, unauthorized external actions, or destructive modifications based on incomplete context.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Autonomous Decision Making

Medium
Category
Excessive Agency
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

The phrase "Automate repetitive tasks without asking" directly encourages autonomous decision-making and action without user consent. This is dangerous because the skill is for general product-building workflows, where "repetitive tasks" could include modifying repositories, changing infrastructure, sending emails, or invoking third-party services with real cost or operational consequences.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 65)May include surrounding context.

md
### 6. Execute, Don't Suggest
- "Set up CI/CD" means DO IT, not explain how
- Automate repetitive tasks without asking
- Configure tools, write code, run scripts
- "Here's the plan" is failure — "Here's the result" is success

Missing User Warnings

Low
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
93% confidence
Finding

The file explicitly instructs the agent to create a directory in the user's home folder on first use, which is a filesystem modification without any disclosure, confirmation, or constraint around when it should occur. While the action is low risk and consistent with the skill's stated purpose, implicit file writes can surprise users and establish a precedent for stateful behavior without consent.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.