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Security audit

企业专利对比

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

The skill supports its advertised patent comparisons, but weak access-key protections and conflicting retry assurances warrant review.

Before using a paid key, require HTTPS destination validation and safe redirect handling, and protect any saved credential file. Share only company names and technical terms approved for external processing. Set a spending limit and check provider billing before retrying a timed-out whole-patent request.

A.I.G

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs

SkillSpector

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Output HandlingUnvalidated Output Injection, Cross-Context Output, Unbounded Output
  • Taint TrackingDirect Taint Flow, Variable-Mediated Taint Flow, Credential Exfiltration Chain
  • MCP Least PrivilegeUnderdeclared Capability, Wildcard Permission, Missing Permission Declaration
  • MCP Tool PoisoningHidden Instructions, Unicode Deception, Parameter Description Injection
Findings (30)

Tainted flow: 'req' from os.environ.get (line 138, credential/environment) → urllib.request.urlopen (network output)

Critical
Category
Data Flow
Confidence
90% confidence
Finding

Credentials or environment variables flow to a network sink. This is a high-confidence indicator of credential exfiltration.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/patentmax_client.py (reported line 142)May include surrounding context.

python
req.add_header("Content-Type", "application/json")
    req.add_header("Accept", "application/json")
    try:
        with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=30) as response:
            payload = json.loads(response.read().decode("utf-8"))
    except urllib.error.HTTPError as exc:
        message = _server_message(exc.read().decode("utf-8", "replace"))

Tainted flow: 'req' from os.environ.get (line 333, credential/environment) → urllib.request.urlopen (network output)

Critical
Category
Data Flow
Confidence
90% confidence
Finding

Sending the service API key to its intended HTTPS endpoint is legitimate, but this implementation attaches the same credential to any configured BASE_URL without validating its scheme or origin. A manipulated endpoint configuration, or a cross-origin redirect followed by urllib with the Authorization header retained, can disclose the saved or environment-provided API key; exploitation requires influence over configuration or redirect behavior.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/patentmax_client.py (reported line 344)May include surrounding context.

python
req.add_header(key, value)

    try:
        with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=TIMEOUT) as response:
            payload = response.read()
            # 服务端每个响应都回本次实扣和扣完后的余额。记下来，供 _spent/_balance 输出。
            # 拿服务端的真值，而不是在本地累加估价：跨进程累加迟早算岔，

Description-Behavior Mismatch

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

The supplied command exposes part of an API key rather than performing patent comparisons. Although using an API credential could support the declared purpose, printing its contents is an undeclared credential-disclosure behavior. The snippet does not show external transmission or disclosure of the full key.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Description-Behavior Mismatch

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
97% confidence
Finding

The supplied workflow centers on finding patents similar to a technical proposal. It does not identify companies, retrieve their portfolios, calculate comparative metrics, or generate a comparison table. Although patent searching could support the declared task, these commands specifically implement a materially different technical-similarity search workflow.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Description-Behavior Mismatch

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
92% confidence
Finding

Search, statistics, and company portraits could supply inputs to the declared comparison task. However, the supplied code does not combine 2–5 companies, calculate comparative shares or technology overlap, assess company strengths, or generate a side-by-side company table. Its only CSV export contains patent-level candidate records. Credential handling, API access, billing controls, and caching are supporting implementation details, not independent reasons for this finding. The mismatch is between the promised specialized comparison output and the general research functionality actually implemented in this chunk.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Description-Behavior Mismatch

High
Category
MCP Tool Poisoning
Confidence
88% confidence
Finding

The supplied commands implement a patent-screening workflow, with example decisions based on cooling-fluid relevance. They do not identify companies, calculate comparative metrics, or generate a company comparison table. CSV export matches the declared output format, but the exported content is a candidate-patent list rather than the promised comparison. This assessment is limited to the supplied chunk; the underlying client's other capabilities are not shown.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Code capability 'env' detected in scripts/patentmax_client.py but not covered by declared permissions.

High
Category
MCP Least Privilege
Confidence
75% confidence
Finding

The skill uses 'env' capability that is not covered by the declared 'allowed-tools' preapproval. Review the host runtime's actual enforcement policy; runtime permissions are unknown unless separately verified, and this declaration alone does not establish a permission ceiling.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Code capability 'network' detected in scripts/patentmax_client.py but not covered by declared permissions.

High
Category
MCP Least Privilege
Confidence
75% confidence
Finding

The skill uses 'network' capability that is not covered by the declared 'allowed-tools' preapproval. Review the host runtime's actual enforcement policy; runtime permissions are unknown unless separately verified, and this declaration alone does not establish a permission ceiling.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

The workflow sends user-supplied company names and technical research queries to PatentMax without a privacy disclosure.

Medium
Category
Output Handling
Confidence
89% confidence
Finding

The prescribed workflow submits company names and optional technical queries to an external PatentMax service without explicitly explaining that those user inputs will be transmitted. Although PatentMax is identified as the data source, confidential acquisition targets, supplier shortlists, or technical research interests can be sensitive even when the underlying patents are public.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
50% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/api-reference.md (reported line 16)May include surrounding context.

bash
curl -s -H "Authorization: Bearer $PATENTMAX_API_KEY" \
  "https://api.ip930.com/api/patent?pn=CN109761224A"

服务端自己完成内部寻址，这些前置调用不进用户账单。

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
50% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/api-reference.md (reported line 48)May include surrounding context.

服务端直接返回上次的结果、不再扣费；同一个键换了参数会被拒（400）；上一次还在处理中返回 409。

bash
curl -s -H "Authorization: Bearer $PATENTMAX_API_KEY" -H "Idempotency-Key: task42-search-1"   "https://api.ip930.com/api/search?q=%E6%B5%B8%E6%B2%A1%E5%BC%8F%E6%B6%B2%E5%86%B7&ds=cn&size=20"

网络超时、不确定上一次有没有成功时，用同一个键重发，不要换键。

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
50% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/api-reference.md (reported line 73)May include surrounding context.

curl -s -H "Authorization: Bearer $PATENTMAX_API_KEY"
--data-urlencode 'q=(固态电池 OR 全固态电池) AND 电解质'
--data-urlencode 'ds=all' --data-urlencode 'size=20'
-G "https://api.ip930.com/api/search"

text

> 检索式里有中文和括号，一定用 `--data-urlencode -G`，别手工拼 URL。

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
50% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/api-reference.md (reported line 89)May include surrounding context.

bash
curl -s -H "Authorization: Bearer $PATENTMAX_API_KEY" \
  "https://api.ip930.com/api/patent?pn=CN109761224A"

某一块上游取不到时，该字段为 null 并在 unavailable 里列出，其余照常返回；

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
50% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/api-reference.md (reported line 114)May include surrounding context.

bash
curl -s -H "Authorization: Bearer $PATENTMAX_API_KEY" \
  "https://api.ip930.com/api/claims?pn=CN109761224A"

只要同时需要两块以上，就用 /api/patent——它一口价，拆开单买反而贵。

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
50% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/faq.md (reported line 35)May include surrounding context.

md
- **密钥复制不全。** 前后有没有多余空格、有没有漏掉尾部字符
- **少了 `Bearer ` 前缀。** 用 curl 时 header 必须是 `Authorization: Bearer pm_live_xxx`，只写密钥不行
- **密钥被撤销了。** 到 [控制台](https://api.ip930.com/features/api-platform)看状态

> 还有个容易踩的：如果请求里带了 `Authorization` 头，URL 上的 `?apikey=` 就不会被读取。两种方式选一种，别混用——带了一个格式错误的 header，正确的 URL 参数也会被忽略。

The search workflow lacks a privacy warning about sending potentially confidential invention details to the patent-search provider.

Medium
Category
Output Handling
Confidence
88% confidence
Finding

The workflow encourages constructing provider-bound search queries from a user's technical solution, including mechanisms and distinguishing features, without first checking for confidential information or obtaining informed approval for its disclosure. Such queries could expose unpublished invention details or trade secrets to the search provider, subject to its retention and access practices. Ordinary comparisons using public company names are lower risk, but the broader invention-search guidance creates a plausible disclosure path; the supplied file does not establish that a disclosure has occurred.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
50% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/tools.md (reported line 668)May include surrounding context.

试用用完、过期，或想用其他功能（查新、交底书等）时，命令会返回带 "free_trial": true 的错误，message 里写着下一步怎么办（注册 PatentMax 再送 ¥50 体验额度），原样转告用户，不要自己换写法重试。

用户有自己的密钥时用环境变量传，避免写进命令历史；设了就一律用它，不会领试用。密钥在 api.ip930.com 控制台创建：

bash
export PATENTMAX_API_KEY="pm_live_你的密钥"

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/api-reference.md (reported line 124)May include surrounding context.

健康检查

bash
curl -s "https://api.ip930.com/api/v1/health"

不需要密钥，用来确认网络通不通。

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/faq.md (reported line 41)May include surrounding context.

md
## 402 余额不足

到[控制台](https://api.ip930.com/features/api-platform)充值。

新账户的体验额度分两笔：注册送 ¥10，第一次调用成功后再送 ¥40。如果第二笔一直没到，确认第一次调用确实返回了 200——失败的调用不算。

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/faq.md (reported line 119)May include surrounding context.

md
## 花了多少钱

脚本每次返回都带 `_spent`（本次实扣）和 `_balance`（余额），**这两个数来自服务端，是真值**。
准确的流水到[控制台](https://api.ip930.com/features/api-platform)查。

| 调用 | 单价 |
| --- | --- |

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/patentmax_client.py (reported line 102)May include surrounding context.

python
# 设了 PATENTMAX_API_KEY 就一律用它，不会去领试用。
TRIAL_SOURCE = "patent-search-cn"
TRIAL_GROUP = "patent-search"
TRIAL_REGISTER_URL = "https://api.ip930.com/features/api-platform"
KEY_FROM_TRIAL = False

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/patentmax_client.py (reported line 296)May include surrounding context.

python
if _billing["balance_cents"] < 500 and not KEY_FROM_TRIAL:  # 试用用户不提醒，用完时服务端会给注册指引
            out["_balance_warning"] = (
                "余额不足 ¥5，继续批量检索会很快耗尽。"
                "请先提醒用户到 https://api.ip930.com/features/api-platform 充值。"
            )
    if _billing["free_quota"]:
        left = max(0, _billing["free_quota"] - (_billing["free_used"] or 0))

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/patentmax_client.py (reported line 357)May include surrounding context.

python
hint = {
            400: "参数有问题，检查必填项和取值范围。",
            401: "密钥无效或已撤销。确认 PATENTMAX_API_KEY 是 pm_live_ 或 pm_test_ 开头的完整密钥。",
            402: "余额不足。到 https://api.ip930.com/features/api-platform 充值。",
            403: "该密钥没有此接口的权限。",
            404: "没找到这篇专利。确认公开号正确且带国别代码，如 CN109761224A。",
            409: "同一个请求上一次还在处理中。等几秒重跑同一条命令即可，不会重复扣费。",

Tainted flow: 'path' from os.environ.get (line 154, credential/environment) → open (file write)

Medium
Category
Data Flow
Confidence
65% confidence
Finding

Data from a source is assigned to a variable that is later passed to a sink, creating a variable-mediated taint flow.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/patentmax_client.py (reported line 157)May include surrounding context.

python
path = _trial_key_path()
    try:
        os.makedirs(os.path.dirname(path), exist_ok=True)
        with open(path, "w", encoding="utf-8") as fh:
            json.dump({
                "api_key": key,
                "expires_at": data.get("expires_at"),

Timeout guidance promises billing-safe retries even though whole-patent requests lack server-side replay.

Medium
Category
Excessive Agency
Confidence
97% confidence
Finding

The timeout hint broadly promises that retrying will not charge again, while the cache documentation explicitly states that whole-patent requests lack server-side response replay. If a request is charged but its response is lost, no local cache is saved, and following the retry advice can incur another charge that is also absent from local usage accounting.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.