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Security audit

huawei-cloud-cloudrobo-model-workflow

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

The skill is coherent for CloudRobo workflows, but it can create cloud resources and execute real-robot tasks without a strong final safety and cost confirmation gate.

Install only if you intend to let an agent operate CloudRobo with your Huawei Cloud credentials. Before using it, require explicit confirmation for each cloud write, expected cost, selected workspace, selected robot, task text, execution limits, and emergency-stop readiness; treat exported robot certificates as secrets.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
  • Excessive AgencyUnrestricted Tool Access, Autonomous Decision Making, Scope Creep
  • Rogue AgentSelf-Modification, Session Persistence
Findings (9)

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/cli-installation-guide.md (reported line 33)May include surrounding context.

bash
# Set required environment variables
# ⚠️ NEVER commit real keys. Use a secrets manager or .env file.
export HUAWEI_CLOUD_AK="your-access-key-id"
export HUAWEI_CLOUD_SK="your-secret-access-key"

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The trigger list contains very broad phrases such as '训练部署', '部署评测', 'model workflow', and 'train and deploy', which can match generic requests and invoke a skill that performs cloud resource creation, model deployment, and real-robot evaluation. In this context, over-broad activation is dangerous because the skill orchestrates consequential actions across multiple stages, increasing the chance of unintended execution on expensive infrastructure or physical robots.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
97% confidence
Finding

The skill description and workflow do not present an upfront explicit warning that using the skill may create billable cloud training/deployment resources and can execute tasks on real robots. Because this skill spans model training, inference deployment, and real-robot dispatch, the lack of a prominent warning materially raises the risk that a user triggers costly or safety-relevant operations without informed consent.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

This workflow explicitly includes creating and executing real-robot dispatch tasks, but the diagram contains no operator confirmation gate, safety preconditions, or user-facing warning before physical actuation. In a robotics orchestration skill, omission of these controls can normalize unattended execution and increase the chance of unsafe motion, collisions, or damage when users invoke deploy/eval flows end-to-end.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
92% confidence
Finding

The document describes exporting robot certificates during onboarding without any handling guidance, secrecy requirements, or lifecycle controls for the certificate material. Certificate export steps can expose authentication credentials that may allow unauthorized robot onboarding, impersonation, or control if logged, copied, or stored insecurely.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Autonomous Decision Making

Medium
Category
Excessive Agency
Confidence
85% confidence
Finding

Skill enables autonomous high-impact decisions without human-in-the-loop verification. Critical operations (destructive commands, financial transactions, data deletion) should require explicit user confirmation.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/fault-recovery.md (reported line 67)May include surrounding context.

md
| Task `FAILED` | Model inference error or robot execution exception | Check `show-task-result` logs |
| Task `CANCELLED` | Manually cancelled | Recreate task |

> After fixing, create a new task to retry (`create-task` auto-executes).

Session Persistence

Medium
Category
Rogue Agent
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Skill establishes unauthorized persistence across sessions via cron jobs, startup scripts, or state files. Session persistence allows an attacker to maintain access beyond the current interaction.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/iam-policies.md (reported line 69)May include surrounding context.

md
- Only run the pipeline stages the user actually needs — a query-only workflow touches
  only read endpoints
- Write operations (asset create/import, train create-task, infer create/start, dispatch
  create-task/cancel-task) require explicit user confirmation before execution
- AK/SK must come from environment variables or `~/.cloudrobo/config.yaml` — never hardcode
- Keep all pipeline resources within a single workspace to keep the blast radius contained

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
96% confidence
Finding

The template instructs operators to create and execute a real-robot task immediately via dispatch create-task, but does not require an explicit user confirmation or safety warning that this action will cause physical robot movement. In a model-training/deployment workflow for real robots, silent transition from planning to execution materially increases the risk of unintended physical actions, equipment damage, or human safety incidents.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Low
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
88% confidence
Finding

The instruction includes Chinese text inline within otherwise English guidance, including '具身广场' and '不该带的参数不要带', without indicating that the user can choose language or locale. This can violate a language/locale policy when a skill effectively forces or assumes a specific language presentation without opt-in.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.