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Security audit

Tavily Web Search Skill for OpenClaw 🦀

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

This is a straightforward Tavily web-search skill that sends search queries to Tavily and reads a local API key, with no evidence of hidden persistence, privilege escalation, or unrelated behavior.

Install only if you are comfortable sending search queries and related search options to Tavily using your Tavily API key. The chmod setup steps are protective file permissions, not elevated access, but keep the API key out of source control and avoid using this for sensitive internal research terms unless Tavily use is approved.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
  • Trigger AbuseOverly Broad Trigger, Shadow Command Trigger, Keyword Baiting Trigger
  • MCP Least PrivilegeUnderdeclared Capability, Wildcard Permission, Missing Permission Declaration
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
Findings (6)

Sudo/Root Execution

Medium
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
80% confidence
Finding

Commands invoke sudo or root privileges. Verify this elevated access is necessary and justified.

Content

Scanner excerpt · README.md (reported line 56)May include surrounding context.

bash
mkdir -p skills/tavily/.secrets
chmod 700 skills/tavily/.secrets

Create the key file:

Sudo/Root Execution

Medium
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
80% confidence
Finding

Commands invoke sudo or root privileges. Verify this elevated access is necessary and justified.

Content

Scanner excerpt · README.md (reported line 80)May include surrounding context.

Set permissions:

bash
chmod 600 skills/tavily/.secrets/tavily.key

Usage

Undeclared Tool Scope

Medium
Category
MCP Least Privilege
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The skill invokes a Python script that performs network access and may read a local secret file, but the manifest declares no explicit tool scope such as permissions or allowed-tools. This creates an authorization and review gap: consumers cannot easily tell that using the skill may access the network and local files, increasing the chance of unintended data exposure or overbroad execution.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
92% confidence
Finding

The trigger description is very broad and could cause this skill to activate for many generic research or help requests. Over-broad activation increases the likelihood of unnecessary web requests, transmission of user queries to a third-party service, and use of an API-backed tool when a safer or more appropriate local response would suffice.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
84% confidence
Finding

This code is designed to communicate with an external service, so outbound transmission is intentional; however, the external API endpoint represents a genuine exfiltration path for user queries and returned metadata. In the context of an agent skill, this becomes more sensitive because users may assume local processing and may unknowingly submit confidential research terms or internal information to a third party.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/tavily_search.py (reported line 11)May include surrounding context.

python
import urllib.request


API_URL = "https://api.tavily.com/search"


def load_api_key():

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
93% confidence
Finding

The script sends the user-provided query and optional content-related parameters to Tavily's external API, which creates a real data disclosure boundary. In a web-search skill this transmission is expected functionality, but it is still a valid privacy/security issue because there is no explicit consent prompt, redaction step, or warning preventing users from sending sensitive data to a third party.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.