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Security audit

Off-chain x402 Payments

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

This Dhali x402 payment skill is coherent, but its consumer examples can automatically fund a payment channel without a clear user approval step or spending limit.

Install only if you are comfortable reviewing and modifying the examples before use. Treat the deposit calls as real financial operations, default to test networks, add explicit confirmation and spend caps, verify currency units and destinations, and pin dependencies in an isolated environment before connecting any funded wallet.

A.I.G

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Insecure DependenciesIntroduces malicious components through unsafe dependency sources
  • Insecure Skill Coding PracticesFinds exploitable flaws such as hardcoded secrets or command injection
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
Findings (2)

T08 · Insecure Dependencies

Warning
Location
SKILL.md:19
Finding

Unpinned Third-Party Dependencies Create Supply-Chain Risk

Content
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Remediation
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T09 · Insecure Skill Coding Practices

Warning
Location
SKILL.md:260
Finding

Payment Channels Are Funded Automatically Without Explicit Authorization or Spending Controls

Content
View full analysis
Remediation
View remediation

SkillSpector

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
  • Supply ChainUnpinned Dependencies, External Script Fetching, Obfuscated Code
  • Excessive AgencyUnrestricted Tool Access, Autonomous Decision Making, Scope Creep
Findings (5)

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
91% confidence
Finding

The consumer examples automatically create payment claims and, on missing channels, trigger deposit(1000000) without any confirmation, spending limits, or warning about real financial consequences. In an agent skill context, this can cause unintended autonomous fund movement and repeated payment attempts if an agent follows the example against live services.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Internal Network Request

Medium
Category
Server-Side Request Forgery
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Code issues a request to a loopback, link-local, or private-range host. This can reach internal services not meant to be exposed and is a common SSRF pivot.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 256)May include surrounding context.

md
# manager = DhaliChannelManager.xrpl(wallet, rpc_client, currency)

# 2. Call the server and catch 402
response = requests.get("http://127.0.0.1:8001/data")
payment_requirement = response.headers.get("payment-required")

if response.status_code == 402 and payment_requirement:

Internal Network Request

Medium
Category
Server-Side Request Forgery
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Code issues a request to a loopback, link-local, or private-range host. This can reach internal services not meant to be exposed and is a common SSRF pivot.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 271)May include surrounding context.

md
x402_signature = wrap_as_x402_payment_payload(claim, payment_requirement)
    
    # 5. Send Request with Signature
    paid_response = requests.get(
        "http://127.0.0.1:8001/data", 
        headers={"Payment-Signature": x402_signature}
    )

Internal Network Request

Medium
Category
Server-Side Request Forgery
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Code issues a request to a loopback, link-local, or private-range host. This can reach internal services not meant to be exposed and is a common SSRF pivot.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 286)May include surrounding context.

md
async function callPaidAPI() {
    // 1. Call server
    let response = await fetch("http://127.0.0.1:8001/data");
    const paymentRequirement = response.headers.get("payment-required");

    if (response.status === 402 && paymentRequirement) {

Internal Network Request

Medium
Category
Server-Side Request Forgery
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Code issues a request to a loopback, link-local, or private-range host. This can reach internal services not meant to be exposed and is a common SSRF pivot.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 305)May include surrounding context.

md
async function callPaidAPI() {
    // 1. Call server
    let response = await fetch("http://127.0.0.1:8001/data");
    const paymentRequirement = response.headers.get("payment-required");

    if (response.status === 402 && paymentRequirement) {

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.