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Security audit

Fulcra Annotations

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

The skill is mostly aligned with Fulcra annotation logging, but its authentication path relies on mutable local CLI execution and its update/delete guidance is not scoped tightly enough.

Install only if you trust the Fulcra account, API, and CLI supply chain. Prefer a pinned, reviewed Fulcra CLI version or a vetted local binary, avoid broad `FULCRA_CLI_COMMAND` overrides, and require explicit confirmation before any update/delete or bulk/backfill workflow.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Insecure DependenciesIntroduces malicious components through unsafe dependency sources
  • Insecure Skill Coding PracticesFinds exploitable flaws such as hardcoded secrets or command injection
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
Findings (2)

T08 · Insecure Dependencies

Warning
Location
scripts/fulcra_annotations.py:55
Finding

Unpinned Fulcra CLI Package Execution

Content
View full analysis
list[str]: command = os.environ.get("FULCRA_CLI_COMMAND", "uv tool run fulcra-api").strip() allowed = { "uv tool run fulcra-api": ["uv", "tool", "run", "fulcra-api"], "fulcra-api": ["fulcra-api"], } if command in allowed: return [*allowed[command], "auth", "print-access-token"] ``` The corresponding documentation instructs users to run the same unpinned dependency: ```bash uv tool run fulcra-api auth login ``` ### Technical Analysis The default authentication path executes `fulcra-api` through `uv tool run` without specifying a reviewed version, cryptographic hash, lockfile, or trusted immutable artifact. Package resolution can therefore select a release that differs from the version originally audited. This creates a supply-chain trust boundary: the selected package executes locally with the privileges of the agent process and participates directly in credential retrieval through `auth print-access-token`. If the package registry, maintainer account, release pipeline, or dependency graph is compromised, a malicious future release could execute before returning the expected token. The fixed argument array prevents shell metacharacter injection, but it does not address the mutable dependency itself. ### Attack Path 1. An attacker compromises the `fulcra-api` package distribution channel, maintainer account, or a package dependency. 2. The attacker publishes a malicious version under the legitimate package identity. 3. A user follows the documented onboarding flow or invokes an operation that requires a bearer token. 4. The skill executes `uv tool run fulcra-api auth print-access-token` without a version constraint. 5. The pa ...[truncated 966 chars]
Remediation
View remediation

T09 · Insecure Skill Coding Practices

Note
Location
scripts/fulcra_annotations.py:62
Finding

Arbitrary Absolute Executable Accepted as Fulcra CLI

Content
View full analysis
Remediation
View remediation
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
  • Supply ChainUnpinned Dependencies, External Script Fetching, Obfuscated Code
  • Tool MisuseTool Parameter Abuse, Chaining Abuse, Unsafe Defaults
  • Trigger AbuseOverly Broad Trigger, Shadow Command Trigger, Keyword Baiting Trigger
Findings (31)

Tainted flow: 'req' from os.environ.get (line 110, credential/environment) → urllib.request.urlopen (network output)

Critical
Category
Data Flow
Confidence
90% confidence
Finding

Credentials or environment variables flow to a network sink. This is a high-confidence indicator of credential exfiltration.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/fulcra_annotations.py (reported line 112)May include surrounding context.

python
headers["Content-Type"] = "application/json"
    req = urllib.request.Request(validated_api_base() + path, data=data, headers=headers, method=method)
    try:
        with urllib.request.urlopen(req, timeout=30) as response:
            body = response.read()
            return response.status, body.decode() if body else ""
    except urllib.error.HTTPError as exc:

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · README.md (reported line 24)May include surrounding context.

md
Fulcra accounts can be created through the CLI auth flow and include 5 GB of storage free forever. Users who want biometrics, location, calendar, and other mobile context can install the Context iOS app and sign in with the same account; the app uses the same free storage and is no longer subscription gated. Android is coming soon.

For remote agents, run `uv tool run fulcra-api auth login` on the agent host, keep it polling, and surface only the printed device authorization URL and user code to the intended user in chat through the active trusted user channel. The user can approve from any browser on any device. Never send access tokens or credential files.

If credentials live outside the process home, set `FULCRA_HOME` to the home directory that contains the Fulcra CLI credentials. Set `FULCRA_CLI_COMMAND` only when you need to override the default `uv tool run fulcra-api` command.

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · README.md (reported line 126)May include surrounding context.

md
Fulcra accounts can be created through the CLI auth flow and include 5 GB of storage free forever. Users who want biometrics, location, calendar, and other mobile context can install the Context iOS app and sign in with the same account; the app uses the same free storage and is no longer subscription gated. Android is coming soon.

For remote agents, run `uv tool run fulcra-api auth login` on the agent host, keep it polling, and surface only the printed device authorization URL and user code to the intended user in chat through the active trusted user channel. The user can approve from any browser on any device. Never send access tokens or credential files.

If credentials live outside the process home, set `FULCRA_HOME` to the home directory that contains the Fulcra CLI credentials. Set `FULCRA_CLI_COMMAND` only when you need to override the default `uv tool run fulcra-api` command.

Credential Access

High
Category
Privilege Escalation
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Code accesses credential files (SSH keys, AWS credentials, etc.). This could indicate credential theft attempts.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 40)May include surrounding context.

md
Fulcra accounts can be created through the CLI auth flow and include 5 GB of storage free forever. Users who want biometrics, location, calendar, and other mobile context can install the Context iOS app and sign in with the same account; the app uses the same free storage and is no longer subscription gated. Android is coming soon.

For remote agents, run `uv tool run fulcra-api auth login` on the agent host, keep it polling, and surface only the printed device authorization URL and user code to the intended user in chat through the active trusted user channel. The user can approve from any browser on any device. Never send access tokens or credential files.

If credentials live outside the process home, set `FULCRA_HOME` to the home directory that contains the Fulcra CLI credentials. Set `FULCRA_CLI_COMMAND` only when you need to override the default `uv tool run fulcra-api` command.

Tool Parameter Abuse

High
Category
Tool Misuse
Confidence
80% confidence
Finding

Tool parameters are crafted to achieve unintended or unsafe behavior. Parameter abuse can bypass intended safety checks (e.g. shell=True, --force, dangerous glob patterns).

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 242)May include surrounding context.

md
- `GET /user/v1alpha1/annotation` lists annotation definitions.
- `POST /user/v1alpha1/annotation` creates a definition.
- `PUT /user/v1alpha1/annotation/{annotation_id}` updates a definition.
- `DELETE /user/v1alpha1/annotation/{annotation_id}` deletes a definition.
- `POST /ingest/v1/record` records annotation events.
- `POST /ingest/v1/record/batch` records batches of annotation events.
- Readback uses `/data/v1alpha1/event/MomentAnnotation` for moment/duration and `/data/v1alpha1/metric/{BooleanAnnotation|NumericAnnotation|ScaleAnnotation}` for metric annotation values.

Tool Parameter Abuse

High
Category
Tool Misuse
Confidence
80% confidence
Finding

The skill documentation explicitly exposes a destructive DELETE endpoint for annotation definitions, which could enable an agent or workflow to remove user data or configuration if tool inputs are insufficiently constrained. In a skill whose purpose is to create and record annotations, documenting destructive operations without strong guardrails increases the risk of unauthorized or accidental deletion.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/api-notes.md (reported line 17)May include surrounding context.

md
- `POST /user/v1alpha1/annotation`
- `GET /user/v1alpha1/annotation/{annotation_id}`
- `PUT /user/v1alpha1/annotation/{annotation_id}`
- `DELETE /user/v1alpha1/annotation/{annotation_id}`
- `POST /user/v1alpha1/annotation/{annotation_id}/cancel_deletion`

Supported definition types:

Env Variable Harvesting

High
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
60% confidence
Finding

Code enumerates, copies, or searches environment variables for secrets. Bulk environment access can collect credentials unrelated to the skill's stated purpose.

Content

Scanner excerpt · scripts/fulcra_annotations.py (reported line 81)May include surrounding context.

python
if env_token:
        return env_token.strip()

    env = os.environ.copy()
    env["HOME"] = DEFAULT_HOME
    if os.environ.get("FULCRA_HOME"):
        env.setdefault("UV_TOOL_DIR", str(Path(PROCESS_HOME) / ".local" / "share" / "uv" / "tools"))

Description-Behavior Mismatch

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
94% confidence
Finding

The README's 'What It Does' section states that the skill creates, updates, and deletes annotation definitions. Later, the same README says the bundled helper intentionally exposes only list, create, record, and recent, which excludes update and delete. This is a description-level mismatch about the actual exposed behavior of the helper.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Rp1

Medium
Category
MCP Rug Pull
Confidence
92% confidence
Finding

The README instructs users to run uv tool run fulcra-api without pinning a specific package version. That creates a supply-chain and reproducibility risk: future releases of the tool could change behavior or introduce malicious code, and users following the documentation would implicitly trust the latest published version.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Rp1

Medium
Category
MCP Rug Pull
Confidence
92% confidence
Finding

The remote-agent login instructions again rely on uv tool run fulcra-api with no version pin. In an auth flow, unpinned dependencies are especially risky because the invoked tool handles device codes, local credentials, and session establishment, so a compromised or unexpected version could exfiltrate secrets or alter approval behavior.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Rp1

Medium
Category
MCP Rug Pull
Confidence
89% confidence
Finding

Allowing FULCRA_CLI_COMMAND to override the default CLI command, while also documenting an unpinned default command, increases command-execution and supply-chain risk. An operator may unknowingly point the workflow at an arbitrary command or mutable tool version, which is dangerous in a skill that writes user data and accesses credentials.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Rp1

Medium
Category
MCP Rug Pull
Confidence
90% confidence
Finding

The same line also documents uv tool run fulcra-api auth login without version pinning. Because this is an authentication step, a mutable package fetch at runtime expands the attack surface and could expose device codes, tokens, or local credential material if the upstream package is compromised.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Intent-Code Divergence

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

Line L092 says the bundled helper intentionally exposes only list, create, record, and recent. That directly conflicts with the earlier 'What It Does' statement at L010 that says it creates, updates, and deletes annotation definitions. This is an intent/documentation contradiction, not just incomplete documentation.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Undeclared Tool Scope

Medium
Category
MCP Least Privilege
Confidence
70% confidence
Finding

Without declared permissions the skill's intent is opaque and cannot be validated.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Rp1

Medium
Category
MCP Rug Pull
Confidence
87% confidence
Finding

This is the same unpinned tool invocation issue at the same location. Using an unversioned uv tool run fulcra-api lets upstream changes alter authenticated behavior in a skill that can access secrets and perform writes to a remote API.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Rp1

Medium
Category
MCP Rug Pull
Confidence
90% confidence
Finding

At this location the skill constrains FULCRA_CLI_COMMAND to several allowed forms, but still permits the unpinned uv tool run fulcra-api form. Because the command may fetch or resolve the latest tool version, an attacker controlling or compromising the package source could influence authenticated operations.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Rp1

Medium
Category
MCP Rug Pull
Confidence
88% confidence
Finding

The authentication instructions direct operators to run an unpinned CLI during a flow that yields account access. If that CLI changes unexpectedly, it could mishandle auth, exfiltrate device flow details, or perform unauthorized actions under the user's account.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Rp1

Medium
Category
MCP Rug Pull
Confidence
88% confidence
Finding

Verification guidance again relies on the same unpinned CLI, so even read-only checks are delegated to mutable upstream code with access to authenticated context. In this skill, the surrounding network and env permissions make that more dangerous than a generic documentation issue.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Description-Behavior Mismatch

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
90% confidence
Finding

The documentation states the helper intentionally exposes only list, create, record, and recent, but elsewhere instructs use of update and references delete endpoints. This mismatch can cause an agent or operator to step outside the reviewed helper into ad hoc admin operations, weakening the intended safety boundary around destructive changes.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Intent-Code Divergence

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The file contradicts itself about whether update operations are excluded or part of the normal workflow. In practice, contradictory security guidance increases the chance that an agent will improvise unsupported write paths or destructive metadata changes, especially since the skill already has network and credential access.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Rp1

Medium
Category
MCP Rug Pull
Confidence
86% confidence
Finding

The API notes recommend uv tool run fulcra-api data-updates <window> without version pinning. Because this skill handles sensitive user context and authenticated API access, relying on an unpinned tool increases supply-chain risk across the entire workflow.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
91% confidence
Finding

The default prompt "Create or record a Fulcra annotation." is broad and can activate the skill for many generic user requests involving creating or recording information, without clearly constraining when annotation-writing actions are appropriate. Because this skill can write data to an external API, over-broad activation increases the risk of unintended invocation, causing accidental data creation, logging of sensitive content, or unauthorized workflow side effects.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
50% confidence
Finding

Data is being sent to an external URL. This could be legitimate telemetry or data exfiltration. Manual review is recommended.

Content

Scanner excerpt · references/api-notes.md (reported line 9)May include surrounding context.

md
The public OpenAPI document is served from:

`https://api.fulcradynamics.com/openapi.json`

Documented annotation definition endpoints:

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
87% confidence
Finding

This markdown file lists POST, PUT, DELETE, and cancel_deletion endpoints for annotation definitions, which are operations that can change or remove user data. The document provides no caution, confirmation guidance, or warning about the impact of using these endpoints, so users may not realize they are performing destructive or state-changing actions.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
89% confidence
Finding

The file documents a remote POST ingest endpoint and includes a sample payload containing a note field and metadata, implying transmission of user-generated content to an external API. There is no disclosure about privacy implications, remote data transfer, or the need to avoid sending sensitive information.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.