SNAP Private Payments

• Outcome: Review
• Latest audit: Sep 16, 2026 · 8:13 AM UTC
• Version: 0.1.1

Overview

This is a plausible Solana private-payments skill, but it can move funds from broad natural-language commands without a clear confirmation step.

Review this skill carefully before installing. It should add strict transaction previews, explicit user confirmation for deposits and withdrawals, exact dependency pinning, and clearer disclosure of viewing-key, note, RPC, and relayer privacy implications.

A.I.G

Vulnerability Patterns

• Insecure Dependencies: Introduces malicious components through unsafe dependency sources
• Insecure Skill Coding Practices: Finds exploitable flaws such as hardcoded secrets or command injection
• Skill Instruction Hijacking: Alters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
• Agent Memory Poisoning: Writes attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
• Remote Payload Retrieval and Execution: Fetches external code whose behavior can change after review

Findings (2)

T08 · Insecure Dependencies

Warning

• Location: SKILL.md:15

Finding

Unpinned Third-Party SDK Installation Creates Supply-Chain Risk

Content

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Vulnerability Details

File Location: SKILL.md:15 and SKILL.md:41
Vulnerability Type: Unpinned npm dependency
Risk Level: Medium

Vulnerable Code

yaml

install: npm install snap-solana-sdk

text

## Setup
npm install snap-solana-sdk

Technical Analysis

The installation instructions retrieve snap-solana-sdk without specifying an exact reviewed version. The supplied project also contains no package manifest or lockfile that constrains the resolved version or verifies its integrity.

Consequently, the code installed by this command may change after the Skill has been reviewed. If the package, its publishing account, or one of its transitive dependencies is compromised, a later installation could retrieve malicious code. npm packages can also define lifecycle scripts that execute during installation.

This finding does not establish that the current snap-solana-sdk package is malicious. It identifies an unsafe dependency-resolution practice that exposes users to a mutable supply-chain component.

Attack Path

1. An attacker compromises the npm package, its maintainer account, or a transitive dependency.
2. The attacker publishes a malicious version under the same package name.
3. A user follows the documented npm install snap-solana-sdk instruction.
4. npm resolves the unconstrained package to the attacker-controlled release.
5. Malicious lifecycle scripts or imported runtime code execute in the installation or agent process.

Impact Assessment

Successful exploitation could execute arbitrary code with the privileges of the user running npm or the agent. Depending on that account's access, the malicious dependency could read environment variables, wallet-related material available to the process, local files, or network credentials, and could alter transactions handled by the Skill.

The affected scope is limited by the operating-system permissions and secrets avail ...[truncated 46 chars]

Remediation

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Remediation Suggestions

• Pin the SDK to an exact reviewed version, such as snap-solana-sdk@x.y.z, rather than using an unconstrained package name.
• Add a package manifest and commit a lockfile containing npm integrity hashes.
• Use npm ci in deployment and installation workflows so dependency resolution cannot silently change.
• Review both direct and transitive dependencies before updating the lockfile.
• Use automated dependency scanning and package provenance verification.
• Disable npm lifecycle scripts with --ignore-scripts when the SDK does not require them.
• Run installation and the agent under a dedicated, least-privileged account without unnecessary access to wallet keys or unrelated secrets.

T09 · Insecure Skill Coding Practices

Error

• Location: snap-skill.ts:28

Finding

Ambiguous Natural-Language Matching Can Trigger Unintended Financial Transactions

Content

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Vulnerability Details

File Location: snap-skill.ts:28-42 and snap-skill.ts:120-122
Vulnerability Type: Unsafe financial-command parsing
Risk Level: High

Vulnerable Code

typescript

if (isDepositCommand(normalized)) {
  const amount = extractAmount(command);
  if (amount === null) {
    throw new Error(
      "SNAP OpenClaw deposit requires an amount, for example: deposit 0.1 SOL into SNAP pool"
    );
  }

  const deposit = await context.snapClient.deposit(pool, amount);
  const poolInfo = await context.snapClient.getPoolInfo(pool);
  return `Deposited ${formatAssetLabel(poolInfo)} into SNAP. Deposit index ${
    deposit.depositIndex
  }.`;
}

typescript

function isDepositCommand(command: string): boolean {
  return /(?:deposit|shield)/i.test(command);
}

The amount is independently extracted from the first numeric substring:

typescript

function extractAmount(command: string): number | null {
  const match = command.match(/(\d+(?:\.\d+)?)/);
  return match ? Number(match[1]) : null;
}

Technical Analysis

Deposit intent is recognized whenever the input contains either deposit or shield anywhere in the text. The parser then treats the first numeric substring anywhere in the command as the transaction amount. It does not require a strict command grammar, an explicit execution verb at the beginning of the request, a denomination associated with the number, or transaction confirmation.

Deposit detection is evaluated before fee-estimate detection. Therefore, a command such as estimate the cost to deposit 1 SOL matches the deposit branch first and can invoke context.snapClient.deposit(pool, 1) instead of returning an estimate.

The same weakness can affect commands containing quoted, explanatory, or attacker-influenced text. The parser does not distinguish a request to discuss or estimate a deposit from authorization to execute one.

A

...[truncated 1247 chars]

Remediation

View remediation

Remediation Suggestions

• Replace substring-based intent detection with a strict, anchored command grammar or structured command schema.
• Separate read-only operations such as estimates from state-changing operations before evaluating transaction intent.
• Require an explicit execution form, for example deposit <amount> SOL, and reject commands containing estimate, quote, hypothetical, negation, or discussion language.
• Parse the amount only from the expected argument position and require an explicit supported denomination.
• Validate that the amount is finite, positive, within configured minimum and maximum limits, and represented without unsafe floating-point conversion.
• Present the pool, amount, asset, expected fee, and wallet to the user and require explicit confirmation immediately before submission.
• Prefer an unsigned transaction preview followed by a separate confirmation-bound signing operation.
• Add tests for ambiguous commands, including estimate the cost to deposit 1 SOL, do not deposit 1 SOL, and quoted or explanatory text containing deposit keywords.

SkillSpector

Vulnerability Patterns

• Trigger Abuse: Overly Broad Trigger, Shadow Command Trigger, Keyword Baiting Trigger
• MCP Tool Poisoning: Hidden Instructions, Unicode Deception, Parameter Description Injection
• Prompt Injection: Instruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
• Data Exfiltration: External Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
• Privilege Escalation: Excessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access

Findings (4)

Tp4

High

• Category: MCP Tool Poisoning
• Confidence: 96% confidence

Finding

The metadata description says the skill supports deposit, withdraw, list pools, and estimate fees, but the body also advertises checking a shielded/private balance. In a payments/privacy skill, undeclared balance-check behavior can imply additional wallet/viewing-key access and data handling that users or reviewers would not expect, which weakens transparency and informed consent.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Missing User Warnings

Medium

• Category: Not specified by scanner
• Confidence: 92% confidence

Finding

The skill makes strong privacy claims ('Other agents and on-chain observers cannot see who you paid') but does not disclose important limits such as RPC/relayer metadata exposure, operational privacy leakage, and trust assumptions around optional third-party infrastructure. Users may overestimate anonymity and expose sensitive transaction patterns or identifiers despite believing the system is fully private.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Missing User Warnings

Medium

• Category: Not specified by scanner
• Confidence: 92% confidence

Finding

The skill makes strong privacy claims ('Other agents and on-chain observers cannot see who you paid') but does not disclose important limits such as RPC/relayer metadata exposure, operational privacy leakage, and trust assumptions around optional third-party infrastructure. Users may overestimate anonymity and expose sensitive transaction patterns or identifiers despite believing the system is fully private.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Missing User Warnings

Medium

• Category: Not specified by scanner
• Confidence: 95% confidence

Finding

The skill directly executes deposit and withdrawal actions based on natural-language command matching, with no explicit confirmation, preview, or approval step before moving funds. In an agent setting, ambiguous prompts, prompt injection, or accidental invocation could trigger irreversible on-chain payment actions, making this more dangerous than a typical read-only skill.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.