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Security audit

Web Learner 1.0.0

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

This is a simple web-browsing guidance skill whose behavior is disclosed and purpose-aligned, with usability and privacy caveats rather than evidence of malicious activity.

Install only if you want an assistant that proactively searches the web, prefers Chinese-language and China-oriented sources, and summarizes in Chinese. Avoid putting sensitive private information into web queries unless you are comfortable sending those terms to search engines or websites.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Trigger AbuseOverly Broad Trigger, Shadow Command Trigger, Keyword Baiting Trigger
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
  • Supply ChainUnpinned Dependencies, External Script Fetching, Obfuscated Code
Findings (5)

Natural-Language Policy Violations

High
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
97% confidence
Finding

The workflow instructs the agent to summarize results in Chinese, and the output section further requires using Chinese. This is a language policy constraint imposed unconditionally, with no opt-in or alternative for users who may prefer another language.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Natural-Language Policy Violations

High
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
98% confidence
Finding

The instruction “使用中文” requires a specific language for all user-facing output. Because the file does not offer a language choice or justify a region-specific limitation, this is a natural-language policy violation.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The skill description says it can proactively search and browse the internet, but it does not warn users that their prompts may trigger requests to external websites and services. This reduces transparency and informed consent, especially when queries may be sent to search engines, content hosts, or browser automation targets.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The trigger conditions are very broad and match common requests like '了解', '学习', '查询', or '汇报', which can cause the skill to activate for routine conversations and initiate external network access without clear user intent. In a web-enabled skill, overbroad activation increases the risk of unnecessary browsing, privacy leakage through third-party queries, and unexpected tool use.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
92% confidence
Finding

The skill hard-codes country: "CN" and search_lang: "zh" as default search parameters without indicating they are optional or user-driven. This can silently bias search results toward a specific jurisdiction and language, reducing result diversity and potentially exposing users to region-specific filtering, censorship, or relevance issues when they did not request such constraints.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.