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Security audit

Outline Kb

Security checks for vulnerabilities and agentic risk

Overview

The skill is not deceptive, but it gives an agent broad Outline read, write, admin, sharing, export, and OAuth-management guidance with limited safety boundaries.

Install only if you intend the agent to operate against your Outline instance with the privileges of the API key you provide. Prefer a least-privilege or read-only key when possible, set OUTLINE_BASE_URL only to a trusted Outline API URL, and require explicit human confirmation before exports, sharing changes, invites, permission changes, user/group administration, trash deletion, or OAuth client/secret operations.

Vulnerability Patterns
  • Skill Instruction HijackingAlters the agent's session goals or safety constraints when the skill loads
  • Agent Memory PoisoningWrites attacker-controlled rules into memory that affect later sessions
  • Remote Payload Retrieval and ExecutionFetches external code whose behavior can change after review
  • Embedded Malicious CodeShips malicious scripts inside the skill and executes them locally
  • Unauthorized Access and Privilege EscalationObtains permissions beyond the task's legitimate needs
Vulnerability Patterns
  • Data ExfiltrationExternal Transmission, Env Variable Harvesting, File System Enumeration
  • Trigger AbuseOverly Broad Trigger, Shadow Command Trigger, Keyword Baiting Trigger
  • MCP Tool PoisoningHidden Instructions, Unicode Deception, Parameter Description Injection
  • Prompt InjectionInstruction Override, Hidden Instructions, Exfiltration Commands
  • Privilege EscalationExcessive Permissions, Sudo/Root Execution, Credential Access
Findings (6)

Vague Triggers

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
95% confidence
Finding

The skill description is broad enough to trigger on many routine knowledge-base tasks, including potentially sensitive document, user, export, and permission operations. Over-broad activation increases the chance the agent invokes this skill in contexts where the user did not clearly intend external API interaction, which can lead to unintended data access or modification.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Natural-Language Policy Violations

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
88% confidence
Finding

The description is written to enforce Chinese-language behavior without indicating that this depends on user preference. Forcing a language can cause misunderstanding of high-risk actions, consent prompts, or returned content, which is especially problematic for operations like delete, invite, export, or permission management.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

External Transmission

Medium
Category
Data Exfiltration
Confidence
87% confidence
Finding

This skill is explicitly designed to send data and credentials to an external Outline API using an environment-provided bearer token. In context, external transmission is expected, but it still creates real security risk because the skill supports broad read/write/admin operations, including listing users, exporting content, sharing documents, and deleting resources; misuse or accidental invocation could expose or alter sensitive organizational data.

Content

Scanner excerpt · SKILL.md (reported line 31)May include surrounding context.

调用方式

读取环境变量后用 curl 调用:

bash
OUTLINE_BASE_URL="${OUTLINE_BASE_URL:?未设置 OUTLINE_BASE_URL}"

Missing User Warnings

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
89% confidence
Finding

The API reference lists numerous destructive operations—delete, revoke, suspend, archive, unpublish, remove_user, rotate_secret, and empty_trash—without any embedded warnings, approval requirements, or operational safety notes. In an agent setting, this omission makes dangerous actions appear routine and increases the likelihood that an LLM or user triggers irreversible or high-impact changes without informed consent.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Description-Behavior Mismatch

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
88% confidence
Finding

This section includes organization-administration actions such as group management, user role changes, suspension, activation, deletion, and invitations that are substantially broader than a typical knowledge-base interaction skill description. When such admin functions are bundled into a general-purpose agent skill, users and reviewers may underestimate the authority granted, increasing the chance of unauthorized or socially engineered tenant-wide changes.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Description-Behavior Mismatch

Medium
Category
Not specified by scanner
Confidence
93% confidence
Finding

The reference documents OAuth client and authentication management endpoints, including client creation, secret rotation, and deletion, which materially expands the capability surface beyond ordinary knowledge-base content operations. In an agent skill, exposing or normalizing these endpoints can enable credential lifecycle changes or broader integration control if the agent is permitted to invoke them, creating a privilege-escalation and account takeover risk.

Content

No source excerpt is available for this finding.

Static analysis

No suspicious patterns detected.