Phoenix API Generator

Generate a full Phoenix JSON API from an OpenAPI spec or natural language description. Creates contexts, Ecto schemas, migrations, controllers, JSON views/renderers, router entries, ExUnit tests with factories, auth plugs, and tenant scoping. Use when building a new Phoenix REST API, adding CRUD endpoints, scaffolding resources, or converting an OpenAPI YAML into a Phoenix project.

Workflow

From OpenAPI YAML

1. Parse the OpenAPI spec — extract paths, schemas, request/response bodies.
2. Map each schema to an Ecto schema + migration.
3. Map each path to a controller action; group by resource context.
4. Generate auth plugs from securitySchemes.
5. Generate ExUnit tests covering happy path + validation errors.

From Natural Language

1. Extract resources, fields, types, and relationships from the description.
2. Infer context boundaries (group related resources).
3. Generate schemas, migrations, controllers, views, router, and tests.
4. Ask the user to confirm before writing files.

File Generation Order

1. Migrations (timestamps prefix: YYYYMMDDHHMMSS)
2. Ecto schemas + changesets
3. Context modules (CRUD functions)
4. Controllers + FallbackController
5. JSON renderers (Phoenix 1.7+ *JSON modules, or *View for older)
6. Router scope + pipelines
7. Auth plugs
8. Tests + factories

Phoenix Conventions

See references/phoenix-conventions.md for project structure, naming, context patterns.

Key rules:

• One context per bounded domain (e.g., Accounts, Billing, Notifications).
• Context is the public API — controllers never call Repo directly.
• Schemas live under contexts: MyApp.Accounts.User.
• Controllers delegate to contexts; return {:ok, resource} or {:error, changeset}.
• Use FallbackController with action_fallback/1 to handle error tuples.

Ecto Patterns

See references/ecto-patterns.md for schema, changeset, migration details.

Key rules:

• Always use timestamps(type: :utc_datetime_usec).
• Binary IDs: @primary_key {:id, :binary_id, autogenerate: true} + @foreign_key_type :binary_id.
• Separate create_changeset/2 and update_changeset/2 when create/update fields differ.
• Validate required fields, formats, and constraints in changesets — not in controllers.

Multi-Tenancy

Add tenant_id :binary_id to every tenant-scoped table. Pattern:

# In context
def list_resources(tenant_id) do
  Resource
  |> where(tenant_id: ^tenant_id)
  |> Repo.all()
end

# In plug — extract tenant from conn and assign
defmodule MyAppWeb.Plugs.SetTenant do
  import Plug.Conn
  def init(opts), do: opts
  def call(conn, _opts) do
    tenant_id = get_req_header(conn, "x-tenant-id") |> List.first()
    assign(conn, :tenant_id, tenant_id)
  end
end

Always add a composite index on [:tenant_id, <resource_id or lookup field>].

Auth Plugs

API Key

defmodule MyAppWeb.Plugs.ApiKeyAuth do
  import Plug.Conn
  def init(opts), do: opts
  def call(conn, _opts) do
    with [key] <- get_req_header(conn, "x-api-key"),
         {:ok, account} <- Accounts.authenticate_api_key(key) do
      assign(conn, :current_account, account)
    else
      _ -> conn |> send_resp(401, "Unauthorized") |> halt()
    end
  end
end

Bearer Token

defmodule MyAppWeb.Plugs.BearerAuth do
  import Plug.Conn
  def init(opts), do: opts
  def call(conn, _opts) do
    with ["Bearer " <> token] <- get_req_header(conn, "authorization"),
         {:ok, claims} <- MyApp.Token.verify(token) do
      assign(conn, :current_user, claims)
    else
      _ -> conn |> send_resp(401, "Unauthorized") |> halt()
    end
  end
end

Router Structure

scope "/api/v1", MyAppWeb do
  pipe_through [:api, :authenticated]

  resources "/users", UserController, except: [:new, :edit]
  resources "/teams", TeamController, except: [:new, :edit] do
    resources "/members", MemberController, only: [:index, :create, :delete]
  end
end

Test Generation

See references/test-patterns.md for ExUnit, Mox, factory patterns.

Key rules:

• Use async: true on all tests that don't share state.
• Use Ecto.Adapters.SQL.Sandbox for DB isolation.
• Factory module using ex_machina or hand-rolled build/1, insert/1.
• Test contexts and controllers separately.
• For controllers: test status codes, response body shape, and error cases.
• Mock external services with Mox — define behaviours, set expectations in test.

Controller Test Template

defmodule MyAppWeb.UserControllerTest do
  use MyAppWeb.ConnCase, async: true

  import MyApp.Factory

  setup %{conn: conn} do
    user = insert(:user)
    conn = put_req_header(conn, "authorization", "Bearer #{token_for(user)}")
    {:ok, conn: conn, user: user}
  end

  describe "index" do
    test "lists users", %{conn: conn} do
      conn = get(conn, ~p"/api/v1/users")
      assert %{"data" => users} = json_response(conn, 200)
      assert is_list(users)
    end
  end

  describe "create" do
    test "returns 201 with valid params", %{conn: conn} do
      params = params_for(:user)
      conn = post(conn, ~p"/api/v1/users", user: params)
      assert %{"data" => %{"id" => _}} = json_response(conn, 201)
    end

    test "returns 422 with invalid params", %{conn: conn} do
      conn = post(conn, ~p"/api/v1/users", user: %{})
      assert json_response(conn, 422)["errors"] != %{}
    end
  end
end

JSON Renderer (Phoenix 1.7+)

defmodule MyAppWeb.UserJSON do
  def index(%{users: users}), do: %{data: for(u <- users, do: data(u))}
  def show(%{user: user}), do: %{data: data(user)}

  defp data(user) do
    %{
      id: user.id,
      email: user.email,
      inserted_at: user.inserted_at
    }
  end
end

Checklist Before Writing

• Migrations use timestamps(type: :utc_datetime_usec)
• Binary IDs configured if project uses UUIDs
• Tenant scoping applied where needed
• Auth plug wired in router pipeline
• FallbackController handles {:error, changeset} and {:error, :not_found}
• Tests cover 200, 201, 404, 422 status codes
• Factory defined for each schema