# Drug Database Reference

## Overview

Comprehensive drug database covering 20,000+ FDA-approved medications with detailed pharmacological information.

## Database Structure

### Drug Identity
- **Generic Names**: Official non-proprietary names
- **Trade Names**: Brand names and proprietary products
- **Synonyms**: Alternative names and abbreviations
- **INN**: International Non-proprietary Names

### Drug Classification
- **ATC Codes**: Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical classification
- **Mechanism of Action**: Pharmacological mechanisms
- **Therapeutic Classes**: Clinical use categories

### Pharmacokinetics (ADME)
- **Absorption**: Bioavailability, food effects
- **Distribution**: Protein binding, volume of distribution
- **Metabolism**: CYP450 enzymes, metabolic pathways
- **Excretion**: Renal/hepatic clearance, half-life

### Pharmacodynamics
- **Receptor Binding**: Target receptors and affinity
- **Therapeutic Effects**: Clinical outcomes
- **Dose-Response**: Efficacy relationships

## Drug Classes Covered

### Cardiovascular Drugs
- **Anticoagulants**: Warfarin, DOACs (apixaban, rivaroxaban), heparin
- **Antiarrhythmics**: Amiodarone, sotalol, quinidine
- **Antihypertensives**: ACE inhibitors, ARBs, beta-blockers, CCBs
- **Antiplatelet**: Aspirin, clopidogrel, ticagrelor

### CNS Drugs
- **Antidepressants**: SSRIs, SNRIs, TCAs, MAOIs
- **Antipsychotics**: Typical and atypical antipsychotics
- **Antiepileptics**: Phenytoin, carbamazepine, valproate
- **Opioids**: Morphine, oxycodone, tramadol, fentanyl

### Infectious Disease
- **Antibiotics**: Penicillins, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, macrolides
- **Antifungals**: Fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin
- **Antiretrovirals**: HIV medications
- **Antivirals**: Oseltamivir, acyclovir

### Oncology
- **Chemotherapeutic Agents**: Alkylating agents, antimetabolites
- **Targeted Therapies**: TKIs, mTOR inhibitors
- **Immunotherapies**: Checkpoint inhibitors

### Endocrine
- **Diabetes Medications**: Metformin, insulin, sulfonylureas, GLP-1 agonists
- **Thyroid Hormones**: Levothyroxine, liothyronine
- **Corticosteroids**: Prednisone, hydrocortisone, dexamethasone

### GI Drugs
- **PPIs**: Omeprazole, esomeprazole, pantoprazole
- **H2 Blockers**: Ranitidine, famotidine
- **Laxatives**: Senna, lactulose, polyethylene glycol

### Respiratory
- **Bronchodilators**: Albuterol, salmeterol, tiotropium
- **Corticosteroids**: Inhaled fluticasone, budesonide

### Pain Management
- **NSAIDs**: Ibuprofen, naproxen, celecoxib
- **Acetaminophen**: Single and combination products
- **Muscle Relaxants**: Cyclobenzaprine, baclofen

## Interaction Data

### Drug-Drug Interactions (DDI)
- **Total Documented**: 200,000+ interaction pairs
- **Pharmacokinetic**: CYP450, P-gp, protein binding
- **Pharmacodynamic**: Additive, synergistic, antagonistic

### Severity Classification
| Level | Definition | Action |
|-------|------------|--------|
| Major | Contraindicated or high risk | Avoid combination |
| Moderate | Significant risk, monitoring needed | Consider alternatives |
| Minor | Limited clinical significance | Routine monitoring |

### Contraindications
- **Absolute**: Never use in specific conditions
- **Relative**: Use with caution, benefit-risk assessment

## Allergy Information

### Allergen Types
- **Drug Allergies**: Active pharmaceutical ingredients
- **Excipient Allergies**: Dyes, preservatives, fillers
- **Cross-Reactivity**: Structurally related compounds

### Reaction Types
- **Immediate**: IgE-mediated (minutes to hours)
- **Delayed**: T-cell mediated (days to weeks)

## Data Sources

- FDA Drug Labels
- Micromedex
- Lexicomp
- Clinical Pharmacology
- DrugBank
- Primary Literature